Dependence of sensorimotor cortex neuron activity on noradrenergic and serotoninergic transmission in unspecific thalamic nuclei

Storozhuk, V. M.; Sachenko, V. V.; Kruchenko, J.A.

doi:10.1016/0306-4522(95)00131-2

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Increased serotonin release from the dorsal raphe area may inhibit tonic dopamine release in the striatum via serotonin 5-HT 2 receptors, while not affecting the stress-induced excitability of dopaminergic neurons (Trent and Tepper,1991;Dewey et al,1995;Brodie and Bunney,1996). In the thalamus, serotonergic stimulation changes rhythmic burst activity to single spike firing mode (McCormick, 1992) and increases the evoked impulse activity of sensorimotor cortical neurons (Storozhuk et al, 1995). Both mechanisms may thus be involved in the pathogenesis of tics by increasing the sensitivity Fig.…”

Section: Raphe Serotonin Transporter Dysfunction and Compulsive Impulsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobiological and Anthropological Aspects of Compulsions and Rituals

Heinz¹

1999

Pharmacopsychiatry

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Obsessions and compulsions frequently accompany motor and vocal tics in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS). The occurrence of motor tics and compulsions helps to understand the neurobiological foundation of repetitive behavior patterns. Based on a review of the literature and our own studies in GTS, we suggest that simple motor tics are caused by a stimulus-dependent disinhibition of stereotypies encoded in the head of the caudate, while more complex compulsions are associated with a serotonergic disinhibition of frontocortical-striatal circuits in GTS and obsessive-compulsive disorder. These findings indicate that obsessions and compulsions do not simply result from a lack of cortical control of phylogenetically primitive behavior patterns. Rather, an activation of the orbitofrontal cortex seems to be essential for the induction of anxiety and the disinhibition of subcortical stereotypies. The neurobiological findings may help to clarify why compulsions differ from cultural rituals. Cultural rituals are performed cyclically, represent important social conflicts and are usually not accompanied by fear or anxiety. Obsessions, on the other hand, seem to be generated in a self perpetuating cycle of cortico-subcortical activation and are associated with anxiety and ineffective repetition of stereotypies.

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Section: Raphe Serotonin Transporter Dysfunction and Compulsive Impulsesmentioning

confidence: 99%