Dependence of radon emanation of soil on lithology

Kardos, Richárd; Gregorič, Asta; Jónás, Jácint; Vaupotič, Janja; Kovács, Tibor; Ishimori, Yuu

doi:10.1007/s10967-015-3954-3

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The obtained thoron emanation-and exhalation--related results were compared with radon emanation and exhalation results investigated on the same soil samples previously by Kardos et al [3]. As a result of the comparison, it was found (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…This phenomenon is called radon or thoron emanation depending on the parent isotope. The emanation is defi ned as the radon or thoron atoms formed by the decay of their mother element that escapes from the grains (mainly because of recoil) into the interstitial space between the grains [3]. The ratio between the emanated and total radon and thoron originating from the grains is known as the radon/thoron emanation factor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, altogether 51 Slovenian soil samples were investigated using an accumulation chamber technique to obtain information about thoron exhalation features. The obtained (massic) thoron exhalation results varied between 6.9 and 149 mBq·kg for radon and 55.6 s for thoron), radon and thoron atoms located within the solid grains can diffuse towards the surface [3]. The transportation of radon gas can only occur in pore spaces; the rock matrix itself is excluded from this process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HPGe gamma spectrometry was applied to determine the Th-232 activity concentration of the samples to calculate the thoron emanation factor of the samples. The surveyed samples were investigated previously to determine the radon emanation factor and those results were compared with the recently obtained thoron exhalation and emanation factor results [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thoron emanation and exhalation of Slovenian soils determined by a PIC detector-equipped radon monitor

et al. 2016

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). The thoron emanation features were also calculated from the obtained results (2.9 to 21.2% with an average of 8.6%). The thoron exhalation and emanation properties were compared with the radon exhalation and emanation features determined in a previous study. It was found that there was no correlation between the radon and thoron emanation features, according to the obtained data. This can be explained by the different Ra-224 and Ra-226 distributions in the soil grains. As a result, the thoron emanation factor cannot be predicted from radon emanation and vice versa.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thoron emanation and exhalation of Slovenian soils determined by a PIC detector-equipped radon monitor

et al. 2016

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“…Surface permeability is controlled by geological setting lithological (rock type) (e.g. Kardos et al, 2015), structural characteristics (presence of fault zones) (e.g. Vaupotič et al, 2010) and soil moisture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The determination of highly time resolved and source separated black carbon emission rates using radon as a tracer of atmospheric dynamics

Gregorič¹,

Drinovec²,

Ježek³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. We present a new method for the determination of the source specific black carbon emission rates. The methodology was applied in two different environments: an urban location in Ljubljana and a rural one in the Vipava valley (Slovenia, Europe), which differ in pollution sources and topography. The atmospheric dynamics was quantified using the atmospheric radon (222Rn) concentration to determine the mixing layer height for periods of thermally driven planetary boundary layer evolution. The black carbon emission rate was determined using an improved box model taking into account boundary layer depth and a horizontal advection term, describing the temporal and spatial exponential decay of black carbon concentration. The rural Vipava valley is impacted by a significantly higher contribution to black carbon concentration from biomass burning during winter (62 %) in comparison to Ljubljana (31 %). Results of the calculated black carbon emission rates in Ljubljana were in the range from 280 to 300 μg m−2 h−1 in spring and winter, respectively. Overall black carbon emission rate in Vipava valley were only 25 % lower compared to Ljubljana and were in the range from 210 to 240 μg m−2 h−1 in spring and winter, respectively. As expected, black carbon emissions from traffic prevail in Ljubljana and account for 80 % of emissions during winter; the traffic contribution in the Vipava valley was only 42 %. Different daily dynamics of biomass burning and traffic emissions was responsible for higher contribution of biomass burning to measured black carbon concentration, compared to the fraction of its emission rate. Coupling the high time resolution measurements of black carbon concentration with atmospheric radon concentration measurements can provide a useful tool for direct, highly time resolved measurements of the intensity of emission sources. Source specific emission rates can be used to assess the efficiency of pollution mitigation measures over longer time periods, thereby avoiding the influence of variable meteorology.

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