“…Different methods were applied to the N-TiO 2 fabrication: laser pyrolysis, 2 pulsed-laser deposition, 3 electrophoretic deposition, 4 plasma treatment, 5 annealing under gas atmosphere, [6][7][8] hydrothermal, 9 solvothermal, 10 mechanochemical, 11 spray pyrolysis, 12 wet 13,14 and sol-gel [15][16][17][18] methods, with addition of nitrogen-containing precursors (e.g. urea, ammonia) followed by calcination.…”