Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China.

Jiang, Weihong; Kang, Yang; Yuan, Hong; Peng, Liping; Tan, Li-hua; Guo, Yun-zhong; Chen, Fangping

doi:10.5897/ajpp11.204

Cited by 15 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The apparent viscosities of CWS-Na and CWS-K increased slightly compared with that of CWS. The findings can be attributed to Na + and K + that were attracted by the negative charges on the coal surfaces, which compressed the double electric layer and reduced the negative charges on these coal surfaces, weakened the electrostatic repulsion between coal particles, and enabled the coal particles to easily agglomerate . The findings also indicate that although the Na + and K + contents in wastewater were high, their effects on the properties of CWS are minimal.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of Metal Ions in Organic Wastewater on Coal Water Slurry and Dispersant Properties

Liu

Wang

et al. 2019

Energy Fuels

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Organic wastewater can be used to prepare coal water slurry (CWS) for the resource utilization of organic wastewater. The components in organic wastewater are highly complex, and some of their substances can influence the properties of CWS. Here, the effects of six metal ions in organic wastewater on the properties of CWS and the interaction mechanism with a dispersant are studied. Findings show that Fe 3+ can increase while Cu 2+ can decrease the apparent viscosity of slurry, whereas Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , K + , and Na + have no corresponding obvious effects. The stability of the slurry is improved by adding Fe 3+ and Cu 2+ , whereas those of the other ions have no considerable effects. The inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer, the energy dispersive spectrometer, and the zeta potential are used to analyze the adsorption behavior of metal ions at the coal−water interface. Results show that Fe 3+ and Cu 2+ can adsorb on coal surfaces and change the properties of these coal surfaces, whereas Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ can hardly adsorb on coal surfaces, which further imply the negligible effects on the properties of the slurry. Furthermore, Fe 3+ can form a complex compound with the dispersant, which leads to the inactivation of the dispersant.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of Metal Ions in Organic Wastewater on Coal Water Slurry and Dispersant Properties

Liu

Wang

et al. 2019

Energy Fuels

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“…At the same time, the distribution in the FL was significantly reduced. Lu et al [ 24 ] showed that amino acids such as proline or histidine in proteins could bind to polyphenol molecules through hydrophobic forces, and intermolecular hydrogen bonds could further enhance the binding. Among them, casein preferred to bind to highly polymerized polyphenols, whereas lactic protein preferred to bind to small molecular polyphenols.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mellow and Thick Taste of Pu−Erh Ripe Tea Based on Chemical Properties by Sensory−Directed Flavor Analysis

Deng

Zhou

Dong

et al. 2022

Foods

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The mellow and thick taste is a unique characteristic of pu−erh ripe tea infusion, and it is closely related to the chemical composition of pu−erh ripe tea, which is less studied. This paper clarifies and compares the chemical composition of pu−erh ripe tea to that of the raw materials of sun−dried green tea, and uses membrane separation technology to separate pu−erh ripe tea into the rejection liquid and the filtration liquid. The results show that microorganisms transformed most physicochemical components, except caffeine, during the pile fermentation. It was found that total tea polyphenols, soluble proteins, total soluble sugars, theabrownin, and galloylated catechins became enriched in the rejection liquid, and the rejection liquid showed a more obvious mellow and thick characteristic. Taste interactions between crude protein, crude polysaccharide, and theabrownin were determined. They illustrated that the mellow and thick taste of pu−erh ripe tea with the addition of theabrownin increased from 4.45 to 5.13. It is of great significance to explore the chemical basis of the mellow and thick taste in pu−erh tea for guiding the pu−erh tea production process and for improving the quality of pu−erh tea.

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“…Political communication during mobilization has been a noticeable strength or symbol of the CPC: early during war time, a publicity team was set up in each troop of the red army, publicity organization set up in each hierarchical level of government in anti-Japanese base area; both routine activity and military activity were integrated with propaganda discourse; there were various forms of media such as announcements, pamphlets, slogans, wall newspapers, and journals (Jiang, 2011: 60). Some of the procedures and discourse structures have been retained after the establishment of new China.…”

Section: Political Communication In Mobilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The process of top-down mobilization in contemporary China was inferred as follows: First, an official document is released by the central committee or the state council or in the form of an editorial or commentator’s article in People’s Daily (China’s official newspaper); second, the information is transmitted hierarchically inside the bureaucratic system; the third step is to transfer the information or requirement mostly from the local cadres to the ordinary people; the last step is to set up certain good examples or role models effectively carrying out the policy (Wang, 2006). In such a process, the communication inside the bureaucratic system is characterized as that the policies are made after careful consideration by the top government, and then required to be efficiently transformed and rigidly carried out; the communication between government and the public is characterized as emphasizing and reinforcing the importance of certain argument and ways to realize the goal (Jiang, 2011: 172–173). To achieve the goal and customize the information for the populations with relatively low levels education, the communication style is generally explicitly informal one with a conversational tone, such as the simplification of principles into catchy phrases and numbers so that they can be memorized by the public (Jiang, 2011; Townsend and Womack, 2003: 152).…”

Section: Political Communication In Mobilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of governmental open letters mobilizing residents in China during the COVID-19 pandemic

Liu

2022

Discourse & Society

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In response to the threat of COVID-19, China initiated a nationwide campaign. Ideological work such as explaining the implemented policies and persuading the public always took a central role in mobilization, and it has been emphasized by Chinese government during Covid-19 as well. The legitimation discourse used in the campaign is the focus of the current study. The investigation takes into consideration the political logic of the relationship between the central and local governments as well as their working mechanism. More specifically, a total of 84 open letters written by the local governments to mobilize residents during the COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed. The study integrated the CDA perspective, legitimation theory, and campaign-style governance and examined what ideological discourses are constructed in the open letters, what type of authority is constructed for legitimation, and what is the main communication style used. In addition, the study paid attention to the patterns among the different local government ranks. The findings revealed that moral appeal and political authority were the key elements of legitimation discourse, but governments with lower ranks exhibited a trend of de-ideologization. Meanwhile, impersonal politeness and direct bold command contradictorily co-existed in open letters of basic level local governments. These finding reveal that despite the top government’s centralized power, realization of ideological work in a national campaign is confined by the divergent and complicated realities of local governments.

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Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China.

Cited by 15 publications

References 53 publications

Effects of Metal Ions in Organic Wastewater on Coal Water Slurry and Dispersant Properties

Effects of Metal Ions in Organic Wastewater on Coal Water Slurry and Dispersant Properties

Mellow and Thick Taste of Pu−Erh Ripe Tea Based on Chemical Properties by Sensory−Directed Flavor Analysis

Analysis of governmental open letters mobilizing residents in China during the COVID-19 pandemic

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