Deoxyribozymes: useful DNA catalysts in vitro and in vivo

Abstract

Deoxyribozymes (DNA enzymes; DNAzymes) are catalytic DNA sequences. Using the technique of in vitro selection, individual deoxyribozymes have been identified that catalyze RNA cleavage, RNA ligation, and a growing range of other chemical reactions. DNA enzymes have been used in vitro for applications such as biochemical RNA manipulation and analytical assays for metal ions, small organic compounds, oligonucleotides, and proteins. Deoxyribozymes have also been utilized as in vivo therapeutic agents to destroy specific mRNA targets. Although many conceptual and practical challenges remain to be addressed, deoxyribozymes have substantial promise to contribute meaningfully for applications both in vitro and in vivo.

Biochemical Characterization of a Lanthanide-Dependent DNAzyme with Normal and Phosphorothioate-Modified Substrates

“…the hammerhead ribozyme, 32 HDV ribozyme, 33 [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] DNAzyme, 37 RNase P, 38 Group II intron, 39 ) use pro-Rp for metal binding (mostly Mg 2+ ). This study also indicates that the pro-Rp oxygen is more important for metal binding in the Ce13d DNAzyme.…”

Tandem DNAzymes for mRNA cleavage: Choice of enzyme, metal ions and the antisense effect

“…[6][7][8][9][10] Since first report in 1994, 11 DNAzymes have been proposed to cleave mRNA. [12][13][14] DNAzymes can execute the same catalytic function as ribozymes but are more stable, cost-effective and easier to label. [6][7][8][9][10] In 1997, Santoro and Joyce reported two general-purpose RNA-cleaving DNAzymes that cleave all-RNA substrates with efficiency comparable to that of protein enzymes.…”

Cleavage-based signal amplification of RNA

“…DNAzymes are catalytic single-stranded DNAs that can be obtained through in-vitro selection [21][22][23][24][25] . Two kinds of catalytic DNA sequences, RNA-cleaving DNAzyme (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23) 26,27 and G-quadruplex horseradish peroxidase-mimicking DNAzyme (PW17) [28][29][30] were applied in our research.…”

“…Two kinds of catalytic DNA sequences, RNA-cleaving DNAzyme (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23) 26,27 and G-quadruplex horseradish peroxidase-mimicking DNAzyme (PW17) [28][29][30] were applied in our research. The 10-23 RNAcleaving DNAzyme has been reported to cleave any purinepyrimidine (RY) junction under simulated physiological conditions 26 ; hence, it was applied in our strategy for the cleaving of target RNA molecule to initiate the following exponential amplification.…”