Deoxidation Characteristics and Shape Modification of Deoxidation Products with Al-Ce and Al-Y Complex Deoxidizers

Dan, Tapan Kumar; Gunji, Kôki

doi:10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.68.14_1915

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…[9][10][11][12][13] Jung et al 14) recently developed thermodynamic model for computation of deoxidation equilibria including REE using FactSage TM software package. The Al-Ce complex deoxidation of molten iron was examined by Dan and Gunji, 15) who found that Al-Ce addi-tion decreased the oxygen removal rate and increased the oxygen content compared to Al single deoxidation practice. These were believed to originate from the higher density of 17) reported that the oxygen and sulfur content was effectively reduced by addition of Ce in the Nibase alloys (80wt%Ni-20wt%Cr and 43wt%Ni-35wt%Fe-13wt%Cr-3wt%Ti-0.25wt%Al) through the formation of Ce oxides, sulfides and oxysulfides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Refractory-Steel Interfacial Reaction on the Formation Behavior of Inclusions in Ce-containing Stainless Steel

Kwon

Park

2015

ISIJ Int.

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Effect of Ce addition on the interfacial reaction between alumina refractory and 25wt%Cr-20wt%Ni-4wt%Si-0.5wt%Mn stainless steel deoxidized by Al at 1 873 K was investigated to understand the contribution of the refractory-steel reaction to the inclusion evolution processes. The oxygen content markedly decreased by Al deoxidation, followed by a sluggish decrease by Ce addition greater than 0.5 wt%. The Ce content continuously decreased, but the higher the initial Ce content, the lower the Ce-decreasing rate was obtained. The content of Al initially decreased due to the formation of Al-rich inclusions, followed by an abrupt increase mainly due to a reduction of alumina refractory by Ce at the steel-refractory interface. The content of Al decreased again because of the formation of CeAlO 3 compound not only as inclusions but also as refractory-steel reaction products. The CeAl 11 O 18 and CeAlO 3 were formed at the refractory side, while the Ce 2 O 3 and CeAlO 3 were formed at the steel side in the 0.5 wt% and 1.0 wt% Ce added systems. From the refractory-steel reaction mechanism, the process of inclusion evolution was proposed to three steps as follows. The initial SiO 2 -rich oxides are reduced by Al, resulting in the formation of aluminosilicates inclusions (Step 1). The Al 2 O 3 in the inclusions are reduced by cerium, resulting in the formation of Ce-rich oxides (Step 2). Because the Ce content continuously decreased due to the refractory-steel reaction, the inclusions transform from Ce-Al complex oxides to Al-rich aluminosilicates and from Ce 2 O 3 to Ce-Al complex oxides in the 0.1 wt% and 0.5 wt% Ce added systems (Step 3).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Refractory-Steel Interfacial Reaction on the Formation Behavior of Inclusions in Ce-containing Stainless Steel

Kwon

Park

2015

ISIJ Int.

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“…Table 6 was investigated by SEM-EDX and only ACe, CA 3 Ce, and CA 2 were found to exist. Hence it is considered that no ternary compounds exist other than CACe and CA 3 Ce in the present system. The shape of the liquid region is similar to that at 1 773 K, 4) and the area of the liquid region was found to increase with temperature.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Ternary Intermediate Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, they form complex oxides with Al and can improve the properties of inclusion compounds. 3) During secondary refining, fluxes containing CaO are added to the ladle for desulfurization. When both Al and REMs are added, the inclusions consist of a CaO-AlO 1.5 -REO X system due to exchange redox reactions of the reductants with the fluxes in molten steel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic Properties of the CaO–AlO<sub>1.5</sub>–CeO<sub>1.5</sub> System

Kitano

Ishii

et al. 2016

ISIJ Int.

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“…In order to solve these problems, the component control of inclusions in molten steel [6][7][8][9] or the elimination 10) of Al2O3 inclusions has been studied. Ca is generally utilized to reform Al2O3 inclusions as one of the countermeasures, but Ca treatment is prohibited in the bearing steel production process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Mg and Ca Treatment on Behavior and Particle Size of Inclusions in Bearing Steels

Bao

Wang

et al. 2014

ISIJ Int.

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The effect of Mg and Ca treatment on the behavior and the particle size of inclusions in bearing steels were studied by industrial experiments and thermodynamic calculations. The results showed that the excess addition of Mg wires is not conducive to control the total oxygen content in bearing steel because of the secondary oxidation. The irregular and clustered Al2O3 inclusions are the dominant in the aluminium killed bearing steels. The different quantity Mg wires were added, which can change the irregular and clustered Al2O3 inclusions into the spherical MgO or MgO·Al2O3 inclusions. When the Ca addition is insufficient, the Al2O3 and MgO·Al2O3 inclusions could not completely change into the spherical CaO-MgOAl2O3 system inclusions. By the three-dimensional morphologies analyze, Al2O3 inclusions are easy to gather and the size of clustered Al2O3 inclusions is large. By the Mg or Ca treatment, the size of Al2O3 inclusions can be reduced, but the large size CaO inclusions are brought into steel after the Ca treatment.

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Deoxidation Characteristics and Shape Modification of Deoxidation Products with Al-Ce and Al-Y Complex Deoxidizers

Cited by 14 publications

References 6 publications

Influence of Refractory-Steel Interfacial Reaction on the Formation Behavior of Inclusions in Ce-containing Stainless Steel

Influence of Refractory-Steel Interfacial Reaction on the Formation Behavior of Inclusions in Ce-containing Stainless Steel

Thermodynamic Properties of the CaO–AlO<sub>1.5</sub>–CeO<sub>1.5</sub> System

Effect of Mg and Ca Treatment on Behavior and Particle Size of Inclusions in Bearing Steels

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