Dental study of handicapped children attending special schools in Birmingham, UK

Abstract

The prevalence of dental caries, the levels of oral hygiene and the periodontal treatment requirements were assessed in 3562 handicapped children and 1344 randomly selected normal children attending schools in Birmingham, UK. The effect of different types of handicapping condition on these parameters was also evaluated. This investigation showed that there were few differences in caries prevalence when comparing handicapped children with children attending normal schools. However, the provision of dental care showed significant differences, with the handicapped children receiving less restorative treatment. There were also significantly poorer levels of oral hygiene and a greater prevalence of periodontal disease in the handicapped children attending special schools. The type of handicapping condition had a significant effect on the periodontal problems observed; those children with mental retardation having the poorest levels of oral hygiene and the greatest periodontal treatment requirements.

Vision and oral health needs of individuals with intellectual disability

“…Similar to studies focused on decayed, missing, and filled teeth, the few studies that have focused on the prevalence of individuals with ID who have dental caries show inconclusive results in comparison to the general population. Some of these studies suggest a higher prevalence of individuals with ID who have dental caries, some suggest a lower prevalence, and some studies report prevalence estimates consistent with the general population [Butts, 1967;Brown and Schodel, 1976;Shaw et al, 1986;Feldman et al, 1997;Gizani et al, 1997;Shapira et al, 1998;Rao et al, 2001;Bradley and McAlister, 2004].…”

“…The low prevalence of decayed, missing, and filled teeth found among those with severe ID living in institutions relative to the general population, those with mild and moderate ID, and those with severe ID not living in institutions may result from the prior removal of decayed teeth and/or the low sugar diet served in institutions [Tesini, 1981;Forsberg et al, 1985;Vazquez et al, 2002]. The majority of studies, however, have found similar prevalence estimates of decayed, missing, and filled teeth among individuals with ID compared to those in the general population, even though these studies included individuals living in all types of environments and with varying levels of ID [e.g., Tesini, 1981;Nowak, 1984;Shaw et al, 1986;Costello, 1990;Whyman et al, 1995;Cumella et al, 2000]. An alternative method of examining the extent of dental caries in the population focuses on the proportion of individuals with at least one dental carie.…”

“…In a review of oral health conditions among individuals with Down syndrome, Brown and Schodel [1976] noted that estimates of individuals with dental caries ranged from 42 to 88%. Among individuals with Down syndrome, the mean number of decayed (1.2-5.0) or missing (0.6 -24.6) teeth is greater than the mean number of filled (0.5-1.5) teeth, compared with 1.0 -3.3, 0 -23.8, and 0.5-15.5, respectively, in the general population and 0.2-9.7, 0.3-23.1, and 0.4 -8.7, respectively, in the overall population of individuals with ID [Butts, 1967;Svatun and Heloe, 1975;Nowak, 1984;Pieper et al, 1986;Shaw et al, 1986;Kendall, 1991Kendall, , 1992 …”

“…Several researchers have found that 18 to 84% of children and adults with ID have untreated caries compared with 16 to 55% in the general population [Guillikson, 1969;Murray and McLeod, 1973;Kendall, 1991Kendall, , 1992Cumella et al, 2000]. Others have found evidence that individuals with ID were more likely to receive poor treatment for dental caries, such as tooth extractions rather than restorations for dental problems, compared with individuals in the general population [Butts, 1967;Svatun and Heloe, 1975;Nowak, 1984;Shaw et al, 1986;Whyman et al, 1995;Shapira et al, 1998;Pregliasco et al, 2001;Vazquez et al, 2002]. Nowak [1984], for example, examined the oral health of 3,622 disabled individuals aged 0 -16ϩ years living in the community.…”

Görme Engelli̇ Bi̇reylerde Ağiz Sağliği

“…2 Görme Engelli Bireylerde Ağız Sağlığı Görme duyusundaki yetersizliğin şiddetine, başlangıç dönemi ve süresine bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan çeşitli fiziksel, psikolojik, sosyal ve entelektüel engeller bireyin günlük hayatında birçok alanda zorluklarla karşılaşmasına neden olmaktadır. 6 Günlük ağız bakımı uygulamalarının yeterince yapılamamasının bir sonucu olarak çürük [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] ve periodontal hastalıklara 8,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17] görme engelli bireylerde daha sıklıkla karşılaşıldığı bildirilmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra travmatik diş yaralanmaları ve kayıpları da, özellikle de erken yaşlarda, görme engelli bireylerde sık karşılaşılan bir durumdur.…”