Dental stem cells: recent progresses in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

Abstract

Since the disclosure of adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), there have been an intense investigation on the characteristics of these cells and their potentialities. Dental stem cells (DSCs) are MSC-like populations with self-renewal capacity and multidifferentiation potential. Currently, there are five main DSCs, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and dental follicle precursor cells (DFPCs). These cells are extremely accessible, prevail during all life and own an amazing multipotency. In the past decade, DPSCs and SHED have been thoroughly studied in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering as autologous stem cells therapies and have shown amazing therapeutic abilities in oro-facial, neurologic, corneal, cardiovascular, hepatic, diabetic, renal, muscular dystrophy and auto-immune conditions, in both animal and human models, and most recently some of them in human clinical trials. In this review, we focus the characteristics, the multiple roles of DSCs and its potential translation to clinical settings. These new insights of the apparently regenerative aptitude of these DSCs seems quite promising to investigate these cells abilities in a wide variety of pathologies. Key messages Dental stem cells (DSCs) have a remarkable self-renewal capacity and multidifferentiation potential; DSCs are extremely accessible and prevail during all life; DSCs, as stem cells therapies, have shown amazing therapeutic abilities in oro-facial, neurologic, corneal, cardiovascular, hepatic, diabetic, renal, muscular dystrophy and autoimmune conditions; DSCs are becoming extremely relevant in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

The proangiogenic effects of extracellular vesicles secreted by dental pulp stem cells derived from periodontally compromised teeth

“…Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like populations that can be noninvasively harvested from pulp tissue of extracted human teeth; hence, these cells can be relatively easily obtained and are easy to access for use (reviewed in [1]). Due to their robust self-renewal capacity and pluripotency, DPSCs have paved the way for not only regenerating toothrelated tissues such as dental pulp [2] and the periodontium [3] but also repairing other types of tissue insults such as bone defects [4] and central nervous system damage [5].…”

Biomaterials Functionalized with MSC Secreted Extracellular Vesicles and Soluble Factors for Tissue Regeneration

“…Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are major cell candidates in regenerative medicine. MSCs can be isolated from diverse tissues in the body including the bone marrow, [ 1 ] adipose tissue, [ 2 ] umbilical cord, [ 3,4 ] placenta, [ 5 ] and dental pulp [ 6 ] ( Figure ). Some evidence indicates that MSCs in these tissues have a perivascular origin.…”

SENP1/HIF‐1α axis works in angiogenesis of human dental pulp stem cells

“…The study of DPSCs is very momentous for the therapy of dental diseases . In this paper, we attested that DPSCs began to differentiate into blood cells and form tubular structures in vitro with time prolongs.…”

“…The study of DPSCs is very momentous for the therapy of dental diseases. [14] In this paper, we attested that DPSCs began to Identification of surface markers of stem cells are the key steps for screening, isolation, purification, and induction. [15] The criteria for identifying stem cells are: positive expressions of CD105, CD73, CD90 and so forth and negative expressions of CD34, CD45, CD14, CD19, and so forth.…”