Dental status of patients with mental disorders in a Nigerian teaching hospital: a preliminary survey

Adeniyi, Abiola; Ola, Bolanle; Edeh, Christopher E.; Ogunbanjo, B O; Adewuya, Abiodun O.

doi:10.1111/j.1754-4505.2011.00193.x

Cited by 18 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Our findings were fully compatible with the ones of Chu et al (14). (19), and Rekha et al (20) reported the DMFT indexes lower than those of our study. Due to the difference between the age groups under study, type of consumed drugs, mental illness durations, and accessible treatment levels, it was difficult to compare the results of the present study with other studies, which was considered as a limitation of the study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

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Dental Health Status in Hospitalized Psychiatric Patients in Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran

et al. 2014

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Background: Psychiatric disorders to various reasons such side effects of psychiatric drugs, poor oral hygiene and poor diet and are known as risk factors for development oral health problems. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the dental status in hospitalized psychiatric patients in Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. Patients and Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 patients in the only psychiatric hospital in this province. Dental status was assessed through measuring the mean of the number of decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT index). The collected data was analyzed using t-test, analysis of variance and Tukey test. Results: The mean DMFT score among the patients was 13.75 ± 7.8. There were statistically significant associations between age, duration of mental illness, duration of medication usage, education level, and tooth brushing frequency and DMFT index (P < 0.05). Differences of DMFT Indexes with sex and type of psychiatric disorders were not statistically significant. Conclusions:The results of this study indicated that effective dental care is needed for improvement of the dental health status of hospitalized patients with psychiatric disorders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…The mean number of decayed teeth in our study was 6.1, which was compatible with the study by Ramon (19) reports and lower than the findings reported by Lewis et al (22) and Zusman et al (16). This may bring up inadequate access of the patients under the study to dentistry services.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

Dental Health Status in Hospitalized Psychiatric Patients in Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran

et al. 2014

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“…Correlates of periodontal disease include psychological factors, such as low self-esteem [173], loneliness [174] and high levels of stress [175]. It has been reported that psychiatric patients have poorer oral health status [176]. Recent research suggests that depression in particular may be associated with periodontal disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

So depression is an inflammatory disease, but where does the inflammation come from?

Berk

Williams

Jacka

et al. 2013

BMC Med

1,082

736

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BackgroundWe now know that depression is associated with a chronic, low-grade inflammatory response and activation of cell-mediated immunity, as well as activation of the compensatory anti-inflammatory reflex system. It is similarly accompanied by increased oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS), which contribute to neuroprogression in the disorder. The obvious question this poses is ‘what is the source of this chronic low-grade inflammation?’DiscussionThis review explores the role of inflammation and oxidative and nitrosative stress as possible mediators of known environmental risk factors in depression, and discusses potential implications of these findings. A range of factors appear to increase the risk for the development of depression, and seem to be associated with systemic inflammation; these include psychosocial stressors, poor diet, physical inactivity, obesity, smoking, altered gut permeability, atopy, dental cares, sleep and vitamin D deficiency.SummaryThe identification of known sources of inflammation provides support for inflammation as a mediating pathway to both risk and neuroprogression in depression. Critically, most of these factors are plastic, and potentially amenable to therapeutic and preventative interventions. Most, but not all, of the above mentioned sources of inflammation may play a role in other psychiatric disorders, such as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, autism and post-traumatic stress disorder.

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“…Negative symptoms and personality disorders of mental illness may be responsible for poor tooth brushing habits [11, 23, 24, 28]. Almost all patients with schizophrenia have large amounts of plaque and calculus and high bleeding indices [6, 9, 10, 13, 17, 18]. Smoking habits are highly problematic in patients with schizophrenia and contribute to worse dental hygiene and increased loss of periodontal attachment [16–19, 24, 25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental caries status of patients with schizophrenia in Seville, Spain: a case–control study

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the dental status (DMFT) in patients with schizophrenia compared with a control group.MaterialIn this case–control study, 50 patients with schizophrenia attended in the Psychiatric Unit at the Virgen Macarena University Hospital of Seville were compared with 50 people (without systemic diseases and not taking psychotropic drugs) in a control group attended in the School of Dentistry of Seville. Decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) were assessed according to the World Health Organization WHO criteria.ResultsPatients with schizophrenia showed a decayed teeth (DT) score of 7.26 ± 5.69 compared with 6.50 ± 4.37 for patients the control group. These differences were significant and suggest that dental caries are most prevalent in patients with schizophrenia. People who smoked showed significantly higher DT scores in both groups. Among patients with schizophrenia, smokers scored 9.34 ± 5.42 compared with 4.38 ± 4.82 for non-smokers. Among the healthy controls, smokers scored 6.88 ± 4.85 compared with 6.12 ± 3.85 for non-smokers (p < 0.05). Patients with schizophrenia showed a missing teeth (MT) score of 9.10 ± 8.56 compared with 5.38 ± 5.14 in control patients. MT scores increased significantly with age and with smoking in both groups of patients (p < 0.05). Patients with schizophrenia showed a filled teeth (FT) score of 1.38 ± 2.70 compared with 2.34 ± 3.48 in control patients. FT differences in gender and smoking habits between patients with schizophrenia and healthy control subjects were statistically significant (p < 0.05). This data, along with the DT scores, suggests that patients with schizophrenia have extensive untreated dental disease.ConclusionsPatients with schizophrenia constitute a high risk population for dental health. This group showed a greater prevalence of decayed and missing teeth and more extensive treatment needs.

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Dental status of patients with mental disorders in a Nigerian teaching hospital: a preliminary survey

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Dental Health Status in Hospitalized Psychiatric Patients in Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran

Dental Health Status in Hospitalized Psychiatric Patients in Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran

So depression is an inflammatory disease, but where does the inflammation come from?

Dental caries status of patients with schizophrenia in Seville, Spain: a case–control study

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