Dental pulp stem cells from human teeth with deep caries displayed an enhanced angiogenesis potential in vitro

Abstract

Background/purpose Dental pulp stem cells can be isolated from human teeth with deep caries (cDPSCs), but their biological characteristics are still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the angiogenic potential of cDPSCs and compare them to dental pulp stem cells from human normal teeth (nDPSCs). Materials and methods Cells were isolated from human pulp tissue of normal and infected teeth with deep caries. Basic mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) characterization was conducted. Colony forming units and proliferation ability were evaluated in nDPSCs and cDPSCs. Expression of VEGF in both tissues and cells was examined by immunohistochemical staining. After stimulating nDPSCs and cDPSCs with an angiogenic medium, angiogenic markers were evaluated by qRT-PCR and western blotting. Finally, tube formation assays were used to evaluate the in vitro angiogenesis potential of both cell populations. Results Both nDPSCs and cDPSCs possessed typical MSC characteristics. cDPSCs had enhanced colony formation and proliferation capacities than nDPSCs did. The expression of VEGF was higher in pulp tissue from teeth with deep caries and cDPSCs than in normal tissue and nDPSCs. When both cell types were grown in vitro under angiogenic conditions, cDPSCs expressed a higher level of angiogenic markers and showed a stronger angiogenesis potential than nDPSCs did. Conclusion cDPSCs maintained MSC traits and presented a higher angiogenesis potential than nDPSCs.

Methylglyoxal-Dependent Glycative Stress Is Prevented by the Natural Antioxidant Oleuropein in Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells through Nrf2/Glo1 Pathway

“…DPSCs are endowed of a great angiogenic and vasculogenic potential [ 36 ]. They contribute to angiogenesis during pulp regeneration by a paracrine effect and facilitate in vitro and in vivo endothelial tubulogenesis.…”

“…Among their pleiotropic functions, DPSCs are able to facilitate in vitro and in vivo endothelial tubulogenesis [ 36 , 37 , 57 , 58 ]. In contrast, MG-dependent glycation impairs angiogenesis and induce endothelial dysfunction [ 37 ].…”

Sinking Our Teeth in Getting Dental Stem Cells to Clinics for Bone Regeneration

“…Dental stem cells from carious tissue seem to possess higher proliferative abilities and a different proteomic profile compared to stem cells from healthy tissues [31,32,373,374]. Recently, in a study where CDPSCs and healthy DPSCs were compared, CDPSCs depicted higher expression of VEGF, among other angiogenesis-related factors, including SDF-1 and PDGF [375]. Moreover, Chen and colleagues showed that when cultured in angiogenic induction medium, CDPSCs expressed higher levels of VEGF, PDGF, and SDF-1 [375].…”

“…Recently, in a study where CDPSCs and healthy DPSCs were compared, CDPSCs depicted higher expression of VEGF, among other angiogenesis-related factors, including SDF-1 and PDGF [375]. Moreover, Chen and colleagues showed that when cultured in angiogenic induction medium, CDPSCs expressed higher levels of VEGF, PDGF, and SDF-1 [375]. In a tube formation assay, the induced CDPSCs were also able to form vascular-like networks.…”

The diabetic dental pulp repair: involvement of vascular endothelial growth factor and bone morphogenetic protein 2

“…Recent study from Aksel et al showed that in vitro delivery of VEGF and BMP 2 significantly enhanced the angiogenic and odontogenic potential of human dental pulp stem cells [4]. Noteworthy, the alteration in expression of VEGF and BMP 2 has been identified within human dental pulp cells in inflammation [5,6] as well as in human diabetic pulp tissue [7].…”