Dental implant-abutment fracture resistance and wear induced by single-unit screw-retained CAD components fabricated by four CAM methods after mechanical cycling

Wear at the implant–framework interface between titanium implant platform and the additively manufactured titanium and cobalt–chromium frameworks

“…The milled Ti abutments presented a mean wear of 1.1 × 10 5 ±0.33 × 10 5 pixels, and the AM Co-Cr abutments obtained a mean wear of 2.0 × 10 5 ±0.29 × 10 5 pixels as measured by using an SEM. 16 Although all the previous studies also reported wear at the implant interface between the Ti of the implant and the Ti or Co-Cr of the abutment, the results are not comparable with the present study due to differences in methods, including specimen designs, manufacturing techniques, and measurement procedures.…”

“…A previous study assessed the wear at the implant interface between the titanium of the implant and milled Co-Cr single implant abutments. 16 However, to the best knowledge of the authors, this is the first study assessing the possible wear at the implant interface between the implant titanium and the AM Ti alloy or Co-Cr 3-unit implant-supported prostheses. Additionally, the previous study assessed the wear by using SEM images and reported the wear in surface wear in pixels.…”

“…Previous studies have reported wear at the implant interface between the implant and the abutment. 9,13,16 Stimmelmayr et al 9 reported a mean wear of 0.7 ±0.3 µm after 1.2 million mastication cycling (150 N at 1.2 Hz) between the Ti dental implant and the milled Ti abutment (Proto-type; Camlog Biotechnology), but the titanium grades tested were not provided. Queiroz et al 13 assessed the misfit and surface wear of external hexagon zirconia and cast Ti alloy implant abutments after 1.0 million cycles of loading (300 N at 9 Hz).…”

“…Authors reported a higher misfit after loading in all the specimens being lower on the Ti alloy abutments with a mean surface wear of 231 ±182 µm. 13 Markarian et al 16 analyzed the wear patterns at the hexagonal platform of dental implants induced by mechanical cycling (until fracture or permanent deformation) of custom zirconia, Ti, and Co-Cr abutments fabricated by using subtractive and additive manufacturing methods. The milled Ti abutments presented a mean wear of 1.1 × 10 5 ±0.33 × 10 5 pixels, and the AM Co-Cr abutments obtained a mean wear of 2.0 × 10 5 ±0.29 × 10 5 pixels as measured by using an SEM.…”

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14] Metal AM technologies can produce Co-Cr dental alloys for fabricating implant-supported prostheses 15 ; however, it is unknown if the AM Co-Cr framework that connects directly to the implant could wear the implant platform/interface. 16 Scanning electron microscope (SEM), 9,10,[12][13][14] computed tomography (CT) images, 9 and white light interferometry microscopy 11 have been used for evaluating and measuring the wear at the implant interface. Aligned pre-(as manufactured) and post-simulated mastication CT images can be used to measure the wear at the implant interface by calculating the volumetric discrepancies between the superimposed images.…”