Dental human identification

Carabott, Romina

doi:10.1002/9781118526125.ch5

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Not less important, it contributes to criminal investigations in case of violent and suspicious deaths. Teeth are primary identifiers and could lead to the certain identification or exclusion of an individual without the aid of additional factors [1]. Identification by dental means is one of the fields of expertise of a forensic dentist (FD) and it is useful in singles cases as well as in mass disasters, when a significant number of bodies are recovered at the same time [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pattern and combination of dental treatments, anatomic and pathologic features are hardly similar between different subjects [3,4]. Identification is conducted by comparing the post-mortem (PM) dental data collected during the autopsy to the ante-mortem (AM) dental records of alleged matches [1]. Intra-oral and extra-oral dental radiographs are often the key to this process, by objectively displaying anatomic and pathologic features that are not visible to the naked eye by external examination [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accuracy of dental identification of individuals with unrestored permanent teeth by visual comparison with radiographs of mixed dentition

Gorza

Mânica

2018

Forensic Science International

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Forensic dentistry plays a major role in human identification. Teeth carry individual characteristics that differ among different individuals. Dental radiographs depict reality objectively, being the most reliable tool for dental identification. The first aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of dental identification of individuals with permanent unrestored teeth by visual comparison with radiographs of mixed dentition. The second aim was to learn which anatomical features were compared by examiners with different backgrounds. A total of 19 forensic experts participated in a web-based questionnaire to assess identification of 12 simulated cases; each case required the radiographic comparison of 1 dental PM radiograph to 3 dental AM radiographs, of which only one was the correct match. The examiners were given four options following the ABFO guidelines: established identification, possible identification, insufficient data and exclusion; the participants also explained the reason for each of their conclusions. The accuracy of the methodology was 75,4%, the sensitivity was 53,5% and the specificity was 86,4%. Overall, there was a tendency of the observers to overlook non-dental characteristics. Not surprisingly, dental identification by visual comparison of radiographs was not immune to subjectivity and, even analysing the same category of features, different conclusions and consequently different percentages of accuracy were reached. When matching the correct AM radiograph, most examiners compared the root morphology of the first molars and the shape of the maxillary sinus. When one of the AM radiographs was not matched, the examiners mostly asserted that there was insufficient data to reach a conclusion due to the lack of distinctive and comparable features. With AM and PM radiographs showing different development stages, accuracy was correlated to the age of the AM radiograph.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of dental identification of individuals with unrestored permanent teeth by visual comparison with radiographs of mixed dentition

Gorza

Mânica

2018

Forensic Science International

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“…Examination of a dentition has, until today, been the method of choice for identifying a corpse of unknown identity [1,2]. While DNA analysis and facial recognition by family members are most commonly used methods in forensic identification, a DNA sample or next-of-kin might not always be available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dental records should be widely available. Hence, comparison of ante-and post-mortem dental data can be used for identification since the individual integrity and configuration of the dentition allows for statistically significant positive or negative matching [1][2][3]. Identification by comparing anteto post-mortem dental record images takes little time and can be performed by suitably qualified dentists.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differentiation of dental restorative materials combining energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and post-mortem CT

Merriam

Kaufmann

Ebert

et al. 2018

Forensic Sci Med Pathol

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Today, post-mortem computed tomography (CT) is routinely used for forensic identification. Mobile energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectroscopy of a dentition is a method of identification that has the potential to be easier and cheaper than CT, although it cannot be used with every dentition. In challenging cases, combining both techniques could facilitate the process of identification and prove to be advantageous over chemical analyses. Nine dental restorative material brands were analyzed using EDXRF spectroscopy. Their differentiability was assessed by comparing each material's x-ray fluorescence spectrum and then comparing the spectra to previous research investigating differentiability in CT. To verify EDXRF's precision and accuracy, select dental specimens underwent comparative electron beam excited x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) scans, while the impact of the restorative surface area was studied by scanning a row of dental specimens with varying restorative surface areas (n = 10). EDXRF was able to differentiate all 36 possible pairs of dental filling materials; however, dual-energy CT was only able to differentiate 33 out of 36. The EDS scans showed correlating x-ray fluorescence peaks on the x-ray spectra compared to our EDXRF. In addition, the surface area showed no influence on the differentiability of the dental filling materials. EDXRF has the potential to facilitate corpse identification by differentiating and comparing restorative materials, providing more information compared to post-mortem CT alone. Despite not being able to explicitly identify a brand without a control sample or database, its fast and mobile use could accelerate daily routines or mass victim identification processes. To achieve this goal, further development of EDXRF scanners for this application and further studies evaluating the method within a specific routine need to be performed.

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The Application of Radiographic Imaging in Forensic Odontology

Clarkson

Marsden²

2022

Essentials of Autopsy Practice

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Dental human identification

Cited by 4 publications

References 52 publications

Accuracy of dental identification of individuals with unrestored permanent teeth by visual comparison with radiographs of mixed dentition

Accuracy of dental identification of individuals with unrestored permanent teeth by visual comparison with radiographs of mixed dentition

Differentiation of dental restorative materials combining energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and post-mortem CT

The Application of Radiographic Imaging in Forensic Odontology

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