Dental fluorosis and skeletal fluoride content as biomarkers of excess fluoride exposure in marsupials

Death, Clare; Coulson, Geoff; Kierdorf, Uwe; Kierdorf, Horst; Morris, William K.; Hufschmid, Jasmin

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.06.054

Cited by 41 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…Recently, increased bone fluoride concentrations and occurrence of dental and skeletal lesions diagnosed as dental and skeletal fluorosis, respectively, were reported from free-ranging marsupials inhabiting the surroundings of an aluminium smelter in Portland, Victoria, Australia [ 72 – 75 ]. The macroscopic lesions recorded in the fluorotic marsupial teeth [ 74 ] closely resemble those previously reported for teeth of placental herbivores from fluoride-polluted areas [ 42 , 44 , 48 , 50 , 51 ]. In the marsupials from the high-fluoride area, teeth whose crowns formed entirely or largely before weaning displayed either no or only minor fluorotic lesions, while later-forming teeth regularly showed more severe degrees of dental fluorosis [ 74 ].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The macroscopic lesions recorded in the fluorotic marsupial teeth [ 74 ] closely resemble those previously reported for teeth of placental herbivores from fluoride-polluted areas [ 42 , 44 , 48 , 50 , 51 ]. In the marsupials from the high-fluoride area, teeth whose crowns formed entirely or largely before weaning displayed either no or only minor fluorotic lesions, while later-forming teeth regularly showed more severe degrees of dental fluorosis [ 74 ].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The high-fluoride area exists within a buffer zone of approximately 600 hectares around the Portland Aluminium smelter situated on the southern headland of Portland Bay, Victoria, Australia at 38°23’ S, 141°37’ E. The area contains dry and coastal heathland, small wetlands and farmland [ 76 ] and is inhabited by a community of marsupial species, including the eastern grey kangaroo ( Macropus giganteus ) [ 74 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developmental and Post-Eruptive Defects in Molar Enamel of Free-Ranging Eastern Grey Kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) Exposed to High Environmental Levels of Fluoride

et al. 2016

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Dental fluorosis has recently been diagnosed in wild marsupials inhabiting a high-fluoride area in Victoria, Australia. Information on the histopathology of fluorotic marsupial enamel has thus far not been available. This study analyzed the developmental and post-eruptive defects in fluorotic molar enamel of eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) from the same high-fluoride area using light microscopy and backscattered electron imaging in the scanning electron microscope. The fluorotic enamel exhibited a brownish to blackish discolouration due to post-eruptive infiltration of stains from the oral cavity and was less resistant to wear than normally mineralized enamel of kangaroos from low-fluoride areas. Developmental defects of enamel included enamel hypoplasia and a pronounced hypomineralization of the outer (sub-surface) enamel underneath a thin rim of well-mineralized surface enamel. While the hypoplastic defects denote a disturbance of ameloblast function during the secretory stage of amelogenesis, the hypomineralization is attributed to an impairment of enamel maturation. In addition to hypoplastic defects, the fluorotic molars also exhibited numerous post-eruptive enamel defects due to the flaking-off of portions of the outer, hypomineralized enamel layer during mastication. The macroscopic and histopathological lesions in fluorotic enamel of M. giganteus match those previously described for placental mammals. It is therefore concluded that there exist no principal differences in the pathogenic mechanisms of dental fluorosis between marsupial and placental mammals. The regular occurrence of hypomineralized, opaque outer enamel in the teeth of M. giganteus and other macropodids must be considered in the differential diagnosis of dental fluorosis in these species.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developmental and Post-Eruptive Defects in Molar Enamel of Free-Ranging Eastern Grey Kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) Exposed to High Environmental Levels of Fluoride

et al. 2016

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“…High levels of fluoride have been found in groundwater of more than twenty developed and developing countries, including China [ 4 , 5 ]. It has been demonstrated that excessive ingestion of fluoride can results in structural and functional changes in teeth and bones, such as mottling of teeth or skeletal fluorosis [ 6 – 9 ]. And along with teeth or skeletal fluorosis, pathological changes have also been reported in soft tissues including thyroid [ 10 ], thymus [ 11 ], brain [ 12 , 13 ], heart [ 14 , 15 ], liver [ 16 – 18 ], spleen [ 19 – 22 ], gastro-intestinal tract [ 23 , 24 ], cecal tonsil [ 25 , 26 ], bursa of Fabricius [ 27 ] and reproductive organs [ 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological findings of renal tissue induced by oxidative stress due to different concentrations of fluoride

et al. 2017

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It has been reported that excessive intake of fluoride can induce renal lesions. However, its pathogenesis is still less understood. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate oxidative damage and the relationships between the oxidative damage and renal lesions in fluoride-treated mice by using the methods of histopathology, biochemistry, flow cytometry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). A total of 240 ICR mice were randomly divided into four equal groups (sodium fluoride was given orally at the dose of 0, 12, 24 and 48 mg/kg body weight for 42 days, respectively). We found that fluoride in excess of 12 mg/kg induced renal oxidative damage, which was characterized by increasing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyls (PC), and decreasing the abilities of anti-superoxide anion (ASA) and anti-hydroxyl radical (AHR), glutathione (GSH) content, as well as activities and mRNA expression levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Concurrently, fluoride caused degeneration and necrosis of the tubular cells, renal tubular hyaline casts and glomeruli swelling, which were consistent with the alteration of renal function parameters including elevated contents of serum creatinine (Cr), serum uric acid (UA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and the activities of urinary N-acetyl-b-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), renal lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and reduced activities of sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na+/K+-ATPase) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in the kidney. The above-mentioned results showed that fluoride in excess of 12 mg/kg induced renal oxidative damage, which then caused renal lesions and dysfunctions. These findings also clearly demonstrated that oxidative damage is one of the mechanisms of fluoride-induced renal lesions and dysfunctions.

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“…To meet the growing demands for fluoride, the productions of fluoride compounds have been also increasing. It is known that excessive intake of fluoride could lead to the disease of bone and teeth 1) . Recently, more and more reports Vol.29 No.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Inhibition of Fluoride Elution from Industrial Wastes with Portland Cement, Calcium and Magnesium Salts in Alkaline Region

Kuang

Sasaki

Endo

2018

J.I.E.

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Recycling of fluoride industrial wastes is difficult to dispose, since the fluoride ions eluted again easily.In this study, newly effective inhibition method in both neutral and alkaline region for fluoride elution was investigated. Fluoride elution concentration from CaF 2 was 9.8 mg/L at pH 8.1 and 288.5 mg/L at pH 12.2 with water/solid ratio of 10. Additions of Ca(OH) 2 , CaCl 2 and NH 4 H 2 PO 4 could restrain fluoride elution concentration of CaF 2 to 0.22 mg/L in the neutral region. This inhibition of fluoride elution was due to a generation of hydroxyapatite (HAp) or chlorapatite (ClAp) which has high ion exchange capacity. Additions of Portland cement, Ca(OH) 2 and MgCl 2 could restrain fluoride elution concentration of CaF 2 to 0.47 mg/L in alkaline region. It was only 0.16% of 288.5mg/L which was the fluoride elution concentration from CaF 2 at pH 12.2. The elution of fluoride ions was restrained by the coprecipitating of CaF 2 with the high content of Ca 2+ provided from Ca(OH) 2 and cement hydrates. The carbonation of Ca 2+ was prevented by the addition of Mg 2+ . Moreover, the forming of ettringite with a high ion-exchange capacity and the solidification effect of Ca-bearing hydrates contributed to the inhibition of the elution of fluoride. These additives for the practical industrial wastes, such as paper sludge and coal ash, with high concentration of fluoride were conducted. The result indicates that the fluoride elution could be restrained to meet the environmental standard (0.8 mg/L) in Japan in alkaline region. This inhibition method for fluoride elution would be able to contribute to promotion of recycling of fluoride industrial wastes.

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Dental fluorosis and skeletal fluoride content as biomarkers of excess fluoride exposure in marsupials

Cited by 41 publications

References 73 publications

Developmental and Post-Eruptive Defects in Molar Enamel of Free-Ranging Eastern Grey Kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) Exposed to High Environmental Levels of Fluoride

Developmental and Post-Eruptive Defects in Molar Enamel of Free-Ranging Eastern Grey Kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) Exposed to High Environmental Levels of Fluoride

Histopathological findings of renal tissue induced by oxidative stress due to different concentrations of fluoride

The Inhibition of Fluoride Elution from Industrial Wastes with Portland Cement, Calcium and Magnesium Salts in Alkaline Region

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