DENTAL DISEASE | Structure of Teeth

Curson, M.E.J.; Duggal, Monty

doi:10.1016/b0-12-227055-x/00324-2

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…It is the enamel which is challenging to digitize as it is a crystalline reflective material composed mainly of hydroxyapatite (Ca10 (PO4)6. 2OH) [33].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving 3D photogrammetry models through spectral imaging: Tooth enamel as a case study

et al. 2019

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Reflective or translucent materials are a challenge to digitize in 3D. Results are better with a matt coating although objects from museum collections are often too fragile or too valuable to be treated in this way. It is therefore essential that alternative solutions are found. This study analyzed spectral photogrammetry as a possible solution. Spectral photogrammetry is an emerging technique which uses images at different wavelengths to create 3D models. Tooth enamel is a challenging material to digitize. Six sets of teeth were photographed at different wavelengths. The results showed that the quality of the models enamels parts improved when taken with ultraviolet wavelengths whilst models were less accurate when photogrammetry was performed with the red and infrared spectrum. This can be explained by the optical properties of enamel. This study demonstrates that knowing the optical properties of a material beforehand could help future photogrammetric digitization of challenging materials.

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“…It is the enamel which is challenging to digitize as it is a crystalline reflective material composed mainly of hydroxyapatite (Ca10 (PO4)6. 2OH) [33].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving 3D photogrammetry models through spectral imaging: Tooth enamel as a case study

et al. 2019

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“…[12] have shown that according to the fact that dentine is almost completely mineralized immediately after matrix deposition, the trace elements levels in pre-and neonatally formed dentin might reflect exposure during specific period of development. During amelogenesis in utero all primary teeth mineralize but complete enamel formation is observed within the first year of life [13]. It has been observed a characteristic pattern in enamel formation, because it begins at the cusps of the crown in waves that stretch down towards the tooth root.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Retzius lines are regularly spaced disturbances in the enamel that represent on average a week of enamel formation. Enamel mineralization is completed after the tooth erupts into the oral cavity by mineral ions from saliva [13]. The enamel surface of the outermost layers of 10 µm is of a slightly different histological structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The enamel comprises calcium, phosphate, water of a form known as hydroxyapatite (Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ). Developing enamel is composed of up to 18 % calcium and heterogeneous proteins [13]. The process of enamel mineralization is expected to proceed by interactions of amorphous calcium phosphate and a limited number of enamel matrix proteins ,which form about two thirds of the forming enamel volume [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The potential of trace elements mapping in child’s natal tooth by laser ablation-ICPMS method

Olszewska

Hańć

2021

J Environ Health Sci Engineer

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Purpose Tooth enamel might provide past chronological metabolic, nutritional status and trace metal exposure during development. Thus, the trace elements distribution embedded in tooth tissues represents an archive of the environmental conditions. The choice of biomarker is estimated as critical to the measurement of metal exposure. Natal teeth are defined as teeth being present at birth. Methods LA-ICP-MS provides a quantitative assessment of spatial distribution of trace elements in a natal tooth. The objective of the current study was to compare concentrations of building and other elements in a rare but reliable and valid biomarker - natal tooth. Results It have been reported presence of potentially toxic elements: Pb, Cu, Mn, Cd, Ni distributed in prenatally and perinatally formed enamel and dentine. Conclusions Analyses of deciduous enamel can provide answers into individuals’ earliest development, including critical pre- and perinatal period.

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“…5 Acidic saliva dissolves tooth enamel, 6 and thinner enamel is associated with a higher risk of developing tooth caries. 7 The acidic saliva in the mouth combines with the oral bacteria and food debris, forming a plaque that clings to the teeth. Further, thinner enamel with the presence of plaque causes caries that eventually lead to tooth decay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of TAS1R2 to Dental and Cardiovascular Health

Keryakos¹,

Oosbree²,

Kiesow³

2019

AJUR

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Despite brushing and/or flossing their teeth twice daily, many people are still susceptible to dental cavities and tooth decay. This research investigates the genetic and cardiovascular health behind this phenomenon. Two gene variants related to taste pathways, taste 1 receptor member 2 (TAS1R2) and taste 2 receptor member 38 (TAS2R38), were tested on the DNA of 20 students at Northern State University (10 males and 10 females). In concert with genetic screening, tooth impressions were taken of the participants’ upper and lower jaws along with salivary pH, heart rates, and blood pressures. Participants’ cavities and fillings were counted and their gums examined for inflammation. Results showed that seven out of 10 males and two out of 10 females had the gene variant (TAS1R2). Students with this gene variant had an average salivary pH of 5.22—significantly lower than the salivary pH for the other non-carrier students (p < 0.05). These students also had smaller-sized tooth enamel, with none showing a size greater than one millimeter (x̄ = 0.84 millimeters). Students not expressing the gene variant had fewer cavities than those expressing the TAS1R2 gene variant (i.e., one of the regions amplified). Four of the males and both of the females that carried the gene variant also showed signs of swollen gums, possibly contributing to heart disease in the future. Blood pressures and heart rates for the carriers were statistically significant (p < 0.05), showing higher pressures and faster rates compared to non-carriers; meanwhile, all of the non-carriers had normal pressures and rates. Further, body mass index was lower among individuals without the gene variant. The results this limited study indicate that the TAS1R2 gene variant may play a role in cavity development and impact (or indicate poor) cardiovascular health, highlighting the importance of understanding the role of gene variants with regard to risk of tooth decay and gum and heart disease. KEYWORDS: Dental cavities; Tooth decay; Gum and heart disease; Taste pathway gene; Gene variant; Blood pressure; Heart rate; Salivary pH; Tooth enamel

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DENTAL DISEASE | Structure of Teeth

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Improving 3D photogrammetry models through spectral imaging: Tooth enamel as a case study

Improving 3D photogrammetry models through spectral imaging: Tooth enamel as a case study

The potential of trace elements mapping in child’s natal tooth by laser ablation-ICPMS method

The Association of TAS1R2 to Dental and Cardiovascular Health

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