Dental developmental pattern of the Neanderthal child from Roc de Marsal: a high-resolution 3D analysis

Bayle, Priscilla; Braga, José; Mazurier, Arnaud; Macchiarelli, Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2008.09.002

Cited by 69 publications

(100 citation statements)

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“…In terms of dental tissue proportions, although affected minimally by occlusal dental wear, the endostructural organization of the relatively voluminous Lagar Velho 1 deciduous upper central incisor closely approaches the Neandertal condition, characterized by absolutely and relatively larger dentine volumes and a larger EDJ surface (3,8,10,(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)40). Conversely, whereas its deciduous lower lateral incisor has an intermediate position between Neandertals and extant humans, the remaining teeth, and notably the permanent lower first molar, fit the extant human pattern and are distinct from the Neandertals in endo- Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…These data reinforce the complex nature of Neandertal-modern human similarities and differences, and document ongoing human evolution after the global establishment of modern human morphology. dentition | development | modern humans | Neandertal | Pleistocene T he past two decades have seen a number of studies focused on the possibility and nature of differences between the Neandertals and modern humans in the timing and patterning of dental maturation, as well as in dental tissue proportions (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). With few exceptions, these analyses have compared Neandertal dental developmental attributes to the variation among later Holocene human samples.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…These results were then compared with the analogous probabilities from the immature dental sequences of the 2.5-to 3.0-year-old Roc de Marsal 1 Neandertal (RdM1) (10) and the 3-to 4-year-old La Madeleine 4 late Upper Paleolithic child (Mad4) (24). Additionally, as Neandertals and extant humans show quite distinct patterns of tooth internal structural (endostructural) organization (3,6,8,10,(24)(25)(26)(27)(28), we assessed the linear, surface, and volumetric proportions of the crown and root components (enamel, dentine, pulp) in five teeth of Lagar Velho 1 ( Fig. 1 and Fig.…”

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Dental maturational sequence and dental tissue proportions in the early Upper Paleolithic child from Abrigo do Lagar Velho, Portugal

Bayle

Macchiarelli

Trinkaus

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Neandertals differ from recent and terminal Pleistocene human populations in their patterns of dental development, endostructural (internal structure) organization, and relative tissue proportions. Although significant changes in craniofacial and postcranial morphology have been found between the Middle Paleolithic and earlier Upper Paleolithic modern humans of western Eurasia and the terminal Pleistocene and Holocene inhabitants of the same region, most studies of dental maturation and structural morphology have compared Neandertals only to later Holocene humans. To assess whether earlier modern humans contrasted with later modern populations and possibly approached the Neandertal pattern, we used high-resolution microtomography to analyze the remarkably complete mixed dentition of the early Upper Paleolithic (Gravettian) child from Abrigo do Lagar Velho, Portugal, and compared it to a Neandertal sample, the late Upper Paleolithic (Magdalenian) child of La Madeleine, and a worldwide extant human sample. Some aspects of the dental maturational pattern and tooth endostructural organization of Lagar Velho 1 are absent from extant populations and the Magdalenian specimen and are currently documented only among Neandertals. Therefore, a simple Neandertal versus modern human dichotomy is inadequate to accommodate the morphostructural and developmental variation represented by Middle Paleolithic and earlier Upper Paleolithic populations. These data reinforce the complex nature of Neandertal-modern human similarities and differences, and document ongoing human evolution after the global establishment of modern human morphology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Dental maturational sequence and dental tissue proportions in the early Upper Paleolithic child from Abrigo do Lagar Velho, Portugal

Bayle

Macchiarelli

Trinkaus

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Homo floresiensis mandibles are quite unlike modern humans in terms of symphyseal morphology and relative corpus size; published CT images do not indicate the modern human pattern of cortical hypertrophy, at least in the postcanine corpus [100]. Neanderthal mandibular remains have been examined by computed tomography [101,102], so at least some data needed to investigate cortical packing in H. neanderthalensis are already collected. A finding of cortical hypertrophy in mandibles lacking a chin among Pleistocene Homo in association with indications of symbolic behavior (e.g., [103]) would suggest that the modern human chin is not a diagnostic feature of articulate speech.…”

Section: Testing the Speech Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Human Mandible and the Origins of Speech

Daegling

2012

Journal of Anthropology

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Among the unique traits of human mandibles is the finding of relatively greater utilization of cortical bone with respect to other hominoids. The functional significance of this trait is not plausibly linked to masticatory demands given the diminution of the masticatory musculature in human evolution and the behavioral universal of extraoral food preparation in recent humans. Similarly, the presence of more mandibular bone is not a correlated effect of systemic skeletal robusticity, since gracilization of the skeleton is a feature diagnostic of modern humans. The mandibular symphysis in modern humans is manifested as the chin, and it is here where cortical bone hypertrophy is most pronounced. The potential covariation between the expression of the chin and bone hypertrophy is explored in an attempt to clarify their respective biomechanical roles. Current developments in skeletal biomechanics implicate low magnitude, high frequency strains in bone hypertrophy. The physiology of speech production likely produces strains in mandibular bone of greater frequency and lesser magnitude than those associated with mastication. Consequently, language acquisition plausibly accounts for cortical hypertrophy in modern human mandibles. Its role in the evolution and development of the chin is less clear.

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“…We have used the X-ray microtomographic record available to us of specimens which have been previously scanned at: the University of Poitiers, France, by a Viscom X8050-16 system (all extant taxa; original data); the ID 17 beam line of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility of Grenoble, France (Neanderthals and Oreopithecus; Bayle, 2008;Bayle et al, 2009;Macchiarelli et al, 2006;NESPOS Database, 2017;Zanolli et al, 2010bZanolli et al, , 2016a; the South African Nuclear Energy Corporation (Necsa), Pelindaba, by a Nikon XTH 225 ST equipment (Paranthropus and Australopithecus; original data); and the analytical platform set at the Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) of Berlin, Germany (Ouranopithecus; Macchiarelli et al, 2008Macchiarelli et al, , 2009.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the deciduous/permanent molar enamel thickness ratio a taxon-specific indicator in extant and extinct hominids?

Zanolli

Bayle

Bondioli

et al. 2017

Comptes Rendus Palevol

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Handled by Roberto Macchiarelli and Clément ZanoliiKeywords: Enamel Dm2 M1 "Diphyodontic index" Hominids abstract In Primates, enamel thickness variation stems from an evolutionary interplay between functional/adaptive constraints (ecology) and the strict control mechanisms of the morphogenetic program. Most studies on primate enamel thickness have primarily considered the permanent teeth, while the extent of covariation in tooth enamel thickness distribution between deciduous and permanent counterparts remains poorly investigated. In this test study on nine extant and fossil hominids we investigated the degree of covariation in enamel proportions between 25 pairs of mandibular dm2 and M1 by a so-called "lateral enamel thickness diphyodontic index". The results did not provide an unambiguous picture, but rather suggest complex patterns likely resulting from the influence of many interactive factors. Future research should test the congruence of the "diphyodontic signal" between the anterior and the postcanine dentition, as well as between enamel and the enamel-dentine junction topography.

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Dental developmental pattern of the Neanderthal child from Roc de Marsal: a high-resolution 3D analysis

Cited by 69 publications

References 49 publications

Dental maturational sequence and dental tissue proportions in the early Upper Paleolithic child from Abrigo do Lagar Velho, Portugal

Dental maturational sequence and dental tissue proportions in the early Upper Paleolithic child from Abrigo do Lagar Velho, Portugal

The Human Mandible and the Origins of Speech

Is the deciduous/permanent molar enamel thickness ratio a taxon-specific indicator in extant and extinct hominids?

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