Dental condition and salivary characteristics in Vietnamese patients with chronic kidney disease

Abstract

Objectives To determine the dental status and salivary characteristics and to analyse the correlation between creatinine clearance with DMFT index and salivary flow rate in Vietnamese patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods This study was conducted on 111 CKD and 109 non‐CKD patients. The socio‐demographic characteristics associated with dental habits and xerostomia status were recorded from a self‐administered questionnaire. Dental status (DT, MT, FT) and salivary characteristics (flow rate; pH; buffering capacity; urea and creatinine concentrations) were examined. The multivariate regression models were used to assess the correlation of creatinine clearance with DMFT index and salivary flow rate with adjustment for confounders. Results Patients with CKD made MT and DMFT indices significantly higher than non‐CKD subjects. Chronic kidney disease patients had reduced salivary flow rate; but higher xerostomia level, salivary pH and buffering capacity than those in non‐CKD subjects. Results of multivariate regression models showed that with lower creatinine clearance 1 mL/min, DMF index was higher 0.02 teeth, and salivary flow rate lower 0.003 mL/min. Conclusions There were no differences in dental status between patients with CKD and those without CKD, except that poor renal function is directly related with a higher DMFT index and lower salivary flow rate. Dental professionals should pay greater attention to oral problems during the progression of CKD to prevent deterioration of oral health.

Association between dental and periodontal conditions with chronic kidney disease: A cross-sectional analysis of urban South Africans

“…This lower prevalence of decayed teeth in people with CKD has been reported in other studies, 19,33 and this finding has previously been ascribed to the high salivary urea and phosphate levels in people with CKD. 18,33,40 Even though those end-points were not measured in the current study, the lower prevalence of decayed teeth in those with CKD could be explained by the higher pH environment originating from urea hydrolysis in the saliva, resulting in the neutralization of the end products of bacterial plaque and consequent reduced tooth decay. 18,33,40 People with CKD also presented with a significantly smaller proportion of filled teeth and higher proportion of missing teeth, reflecting the low utilization of curative dental care in the CKD population.…”

“…18,33,40 Even though those end-points were not measured in the current study, the lower prevalence of decayed teeth in those with CKD could be explained by the higher pH environment originating from urea hydrolysis in the saliva, resulting in the neutralization of the end products of bacterial plaque and consequent reduced tooth decay. 18,33,40 People with CKD also presented with a significantly smaller proportion of filled teeth and higher proportion of missing teeth, reflecting the low utilization of curative dental care in the CKD population. Certainly, in resource-poor public healthcare settings, recommended regular preventive dental care may not be readily accessible.…”

Oral Manifestation and Caries Experience in Pre-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

“…A different study in Vietnam also found that the DMFT and number of missing teeth in the CKD patients (stage III to V) was significantly higher than the non-CKD group (Pham and Le, 2019). The average age of CKD patients was higher than healthy control and number of missing teeth accounted in the DMFT index was influenced by increasing age (Pham and Le, 2019).…”

“…Previous studies have reported alteration in taste in 42% a study on the correlation of kidney function and DMFT index that showed significant positive correlation; however, that was not a good predictive value. In that study, Pham and Le (2019) used the Cockcroft-Gault formula to estimate the creatinine clearance value. However, that formula does not give the best eGFR as what CKD-EPI and MDRD formulas did as Cockcroft-Gault formula is additionally influenced by body weight and BMI (Michels et al, 2010).…”

Doença renal crônica: influencia sistêmica na odontologia e manifestações bucais

“…O tratamento para DRC inclui o uso de medicamentos anti-hipertensivos e a baixa ingestão de líquidos, em consequência disso, pode-se ocorrer desidratação e em função desse fato a xerostomia pode se tornar um sintoma frequente e persistente nesses pacientes (Howell;Perry;Patel, 2016;Nascimento et al, 2018;Marinosk et al, 2019;Chiu et al, 2021) 2019) em suas pesquisas notaram que a relação da cárie com o paciente renal crônico é menor que no grupo saudável. Foram sugeridas algumas explicações para esse fato, dentre elas, o alto índice de uréia que afeta o pH bucal, uma maior quantidade de fosfato e uma baixa quantia de cálcio, afetando sua ação no processo de desmineralização e remineralização, consequentemente, aumentando a capacidade tampão exercida pela saliva, assim a doença cárie não terá uma instalação facilitada em comparação aos pacientes saudáveis (Gautam et al, 2014;Tadakamadla et al, 2014;Fregoneze et al, 2015;Swapna;Koppolu;Prince, 2017;Pham;Lee, 2018;Menezes et al, 2019;Silva et al, 2019).…”