Dental changes in children with congenital Zika syndrome

Abstract

Objective To describe oral alterations in children with congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). Methods This was a case series, whose research instrument was a structured questionnaire, associated with the use of medical record data and extra and intraoral clinical examination. Results Thirty‐two children were evaluated, the majority male (18/32%–56.3%), mean age 22 months (SD = 2.71). It was also observed that the majority of the patients (19/32%–59.4%) presented a low family income. All the children had a mean head circumference of 29.43 cm (SD = 1.42). Regarding the alterations, an ogival‐shaped palate was observed in 14 children (43.7%), and delayed chronology of eruption was observed in 15 children (46.9%), of whom 7 children (21.9%) did not present eruption of the upper left lateral incisor (p = .0002) and upper right lateral incisor (p = .002) until the moment of analysis. Additionally, 03 children with yellowish dental pigmentation were identified in erupted teeth after the onset of phenobarbital use. Enamel hypoplasia was identified in 9 children (28.1%) and only one child with ankyloglossia. Conclusion CZS may present delayed chronology of eruption, ankyloglossia, ogival‐shaped palate, and enamel hypoplasia, requiring dental follow‐up aimed at prevention, promotion, and rehabilitation of the health of these children.

Orofacial features in children with microcephaly associated with Zika virus: A scoping review

“…The most common dental changes were opacity and hypoplasia of enamel, besides microdontia and agenesis (Carvalho, Brites, et al., 2019; Carvalho, Alencar, et al., 2019; Cota et al., 2020; Gusmão et al., 2020; Oliveira, de Melo, et al., 2020; Silva et al., 2020). The most common dental changes were opacity and hypoplasia of enamel, besides microdontia and agenesis.…”

Developmental enamel defects and other oral problems in children with microcephaly associate with fetal exposure to zika virus (ZIKV)

“…The study by Siqueira et al, 8 analyzed the prevalence of DDE in primary dentition in children with microcephaly due to fetal exposure to the ZIKV, describing a proportion of 12.19%. Gusmão et al, 4 and Silva et al, 5 also verified the presence of opacities and hypoplasia in these children, with a prevalence of 28.10% and 30.76%, respectively.In the case of congenital syndromes, it is observed that hypoplasia is a very common DDE. 37,38 In this study, however, the greatest occurrence of changes in enamel development was represented by hypocalcification, with a prevalence of 20.59%.…”

“…However, studies focusing on this issue are still scarce in the literature. [4][5][6][7][8] As a result, the possibilities of interation with the literature are limited, making it often necessary to discuss the results from data observed in child. 23 Thus, unlike studies that analyzed a similar age range in the general population, [24][25][26][27] the occurrence of dental caries was not observed in this study.…”

“…2 Some clinical findings in children with microcephaly associated with ZIKV have already been published, such as brain changes, neurological abnormalities, 3 bone and craniofacial deformities. [4][5][6][7][8] Changes have also been reported in children with microcephaly caused by other causes, for example, impaired vision and hearing, delayed cognitive, motor and speech development 8,9 and epilepsy. 10 However, there are few studies describing the types and severity of oral changes in children with microcephaly associated with ZIKV.…”

Dental, Occlusal, and Craniofacial Features of Children With Microcephaly Due to Congenital Zika Infection: 3 Cases Report From Valle del Cauca, Cali—Colombia—2020

“…In addition to the severe motor and cognitive impairment, other most basic oral function altered are speech and dysphagia, which hinders their independence and eating. Multidisciplinary care including oral care is a must to provide adequate treatment and try improving quality of life in those affected by congenital ZIKV (Gusmão et al, 2019). It was not possible to evaluate case 3 with panoramic radiography due to the difficulty in reaching minimal distortion standards.…”