Dental biofilm: control of formation, disorganization and means of regulation

Abstract

In press Biofilm is a predominant growth form of a greater number of microorganisms in the oral cavity that has the differences in physiology and genetics compared to planktonic forms. It requires a review of methods of the diagnostics and management of patients with the diseases caused by dental biofilms. The literature review was conducted with the aim of summarizing modern scientific information related to the control of its formation and evaluation of means for disorganization and regulation that are used in clinical dentistry. Based on the results of these studies a close relationship between the level of hygiene and the microbiological state of the oral cavity has been justified. Carrying out individual and professional hygiene is an important component in the comprehensive treatment of dental patients. It has been proven that the pathogenicity of the dental biofilm can be significantly reduced by breaking the integrity of its structure and restoring the normal microflora with the help of high-quality professional hygiene. But long-term uncontrolled use of personal hygiene products can cause some changes in the quality of the microbiome of the oral cavity. Modern research is aimed at disorganization of the biofilm matrix by pharmaceutical and non-pharmacological means. But its destruction can lead to the release of living microorganisms and the dissemination of the pathogen. The presented results of the use of different groups of means for normalizing the microflora of the oral cavity have both advantages and disadvantages that requires further discussion. Qualitative control over the development of dental biofilm will permit to anticipate the course of teeth diseases and periodontal tissues, and objectively assess the effectiveness of the prescribed treatment. Conducting a microbiological study of the biocenosis of the oral cavity will be the basis for choosing personal hygiene products and implementing timely measures. All this will further contribute to increase in the efficiency of prevention and management of pathology of the teeth. Keywords: microorganisms, оral cavity, biofilm, hygiene.