Dental Biofilm as Etiological Agent of Canine Periodontal Disease

Kačírová, Jana; Maďar, Marián; Štrkolcová, Gabriela; Maďari, Aladár; Nemcová, Radomí­ra

doi:10.5772/intechopen.88305

Cited by 8 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…can co-aggregate with several oral bacteria, being an important pioneer in oral biofilms. As described, P. cangingivalis has an important role in PD development [4,8], resulting from its high coaggregation ability with both early and late colonizers, at 2 and 24 hours, as showed in this work. In fact, coaggregation evaluation is a very important step to predict the behaviour of bacteria in a biofilm community.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Several bacteria are reported to be present at different stages of dental plaque formation. Early or primary colonizers are responsible for the initial formation of the biofilm and include aerobic bacteria, such as Bergeyella, Neisseria, Moraxella, Corynebacterium and Stenotrophomonas species, that interact with the pre-formed pellicle, with other bacteria from the same species (auto-aggregation) and with bacteria from different species (coaggregation) [4][5][6][7][8]. They also participate in the formation of the biofilm matrix, composed by salivary glycoproteins, extracellular polysaccharides, lipids and cellular debris, that hold the biofilm and facilitate the adherence of additional bacteria [3,4,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The formation of dental plaque is a multi-stage process, that begins by the formation of a pellicle in the teeth surface. This pellicle is mainly composed by salivary glycoproteins, that cover the dental surface and allow oral bacteria to adhere and establish the biofilm [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its ability to survive in the oral cavity, regardless of the PD stage, and capacity to produce several virulence factors renders Porphyromonas sp. one of the keystone pathogens in PD research [ 4 , 8 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and Capnocytophaga sp. [ 3 , 4 , 9 , 11 , 12 , 16 , 17 ]. Moreover, some oral bacteria that participate in PD development, such as Enterococcus faecalis , can reach the bloodstream and be associated with PD-related systemic consequences [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A polymicrobial biofilm model for testing the antimicrobial potential of a nisin-biogel for canine periodontal disease control

et al. 2020

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Background Periodontal disease (PD) in dogs is prompted by the establishment of a polymicrobial biofilm at the tooth surface and a subsequent host inflammatory response. Several strategies may be used for PD control, including dental hygiene home care procedures, like toothbrushing, special diet and chew toys that reduce dental plaque accumulation, or professional periodontal treatments. Aiming at PD control, a biogel composed by nisin and guar-gum was previously developed. This work aimed to establish an in vitro model mimicking the PD-associated biofilms and to evaluate the nisin-biogel inhibitory activity against this polymicrobial biofilm by determining its Minimum Biofilm Inhibitory (MBIC) and Eradication Concentrations (MBEC). Bacterial species tested included Neisseria zoodegmatis CCUG 52598T, Corynebacterium canis CCUG 58627T, Porphyromonas cangingivalis DSMZ VPB 4874, Peptostreptococcus canis CCUG 57081 and an Enterococcus faecalis isolate belonging to a collection of oral bacteria obtained from dogs with PD. Before establishing the biofilm, coaggregation between species was determined by optical density measurement after 2 and 24 hours. Nisin-biogel MBIC and MBEC values regarding the polymicrobial biofilm were determined using a modified version of the Calgary biofilm pin lid device, after confirming the presence of the five bacterial species by Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization. Results Only 40% of the bacterial dual suspensions were able to coaggregate at 2 hours, but all species tested exhibited a coaggregation percentage higher than 30% at 24 hours. It was possible to establish a 48 h polymicrobial biofilm model composed by the five bacterial species selected. This model was used to determine nisin-biogel MBIC (26.39 ± 5.89 µg/mL) and MBEC (62.5 ± 27.73 µg/mL) values. Conclusions Our results showed that the nisin-biogel can inhibit and eradicate PD multispecies biofilms. As this in vitro model mimics an in vivo periodontal polymicrobial biofilm, our results reinforce the potential of the application of nisin-biogel for canine PD control.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A polymicrobial biofilm model for testing the antimicrobial potential of a nisin-biogel for canine periodontal disease control

et al. 2020

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The mycobiome of the oral cavity in healthy dogs and dogs with periodontal disease

Niemiec

Gawor²,

Tang³

et al. 2022

ajvr

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OBJECTIVE To investigate the mycobiome of the oral cavity in healthy dogs and dogs with various stages of periodontal disease. ANIMALS 51 dogs without periodontal disease (n = 12) or with mild (10), moderate (19), or severe (10) periodontal disease. PROCEDURES The whole maxillary arcade of each dog was sampled with a sterile swab, and swabs were submitted for next-generation DNA sequencing targeting the internal transcribed spacer 2 region with a commercial sequencing platform. RESULTS Fungi were detected in all samples, with a total of 320 fungal species from 135 families detected in the data set. No single fungal species was found in all samples. The 3 most frequently found fungal species were Cladosporium sp (46/51 samples), Malassezia restricta (44/51 samples), and Malassezia arunalokei (36/51 samples). Certain fungi, specifically those of the family Didymellaceae, the family Irpicaceae, and the order Pleosporales, were significantly associated with different stages of periodontitis. Mycobial analysis indicated that Cladosporium sp could be considered part of the core oral cavity mycobiome. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results highlighted that fungi are present in the oral cavity of dogs and are characterized by substantial species diversity, with different fungal communities associated with various stages of periodontal disease. The next-generation DNA sequencing used in the present study revealed substantially more species of fungi than previous culture-based studies.

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Revisiting Periodontal Disease in Dogs: How to Manage This New Old Problem?

2022

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Periodontal disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent oral inflammatory diseases in dogs. PD onset begins with the formation of a polymicrobial biofilm (dental plaque) on the surface of the teeth, followed by a local host inflammatory response. To manage this disease, several procedures focusing on the prevention and control of dental plaque establishment, as well as on the prevention of local and systemic PD-related consequences, are essential. The removal of dental plaque and the inhibition of its formation can be achieved by a combination of dental hygiene homecare procedures including tooth brushing, the application of different oral products and the use of specific diet and chew toys, and regular professional periodontal procedures. Additionally, in some cases, periodontal surgery may be required to reduce PD progression. Associated with these measures, host modulation therapy, antimicrobial therapy, and other innovative therapeutic options may be useful in PD management. Moreover, PD high prevalence and its relation with potential local and systemic consequences reinforce the need for investment in the development of new preventive measures, treatments, and oral procedures to improve the control of this disease in dogs. Knowledge on the specific guidelines and diversity of the available products and procedures are fundamental to apply the most adequate treatment to each dog with PD.

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Dental Biofilm as Etiological Agent of Canine Periodontal Disease

Abstract: Periodontal disease is one of the most common health problem affecting dogs.

Cited by 8 publications

References 77 publications

A polymicrobial biofilm model for testing the antimicrobial potential of a nisin-biogel for canine periodontal disease control

A polymicrobial biofilm model for testing the antimicrobial potential of a nisin-biogel for canine periodontal disease control

The mycobiome of the oral cavity in healthy dogs and dogs with periodontal disease

Revisiting Periodontal Disease in Dogs: How to Manage This New Old Problem?

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