Density, Viscosity, Speed of Sound, Bulk Modulus, Surface Tension, and Flash Point of Binary Mixtures of n-Dodecane with 2,2,4,6,6-Pentamethylheptane or 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-Heptamethylnonane

Abstract

In this work, the physical properties of binary mixtures of n-dodecane with 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethylheptane or 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane were measured and compared to properties of four hydrotreated renewable jet (HRJ) and hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) fuels. Density and viscosity were measured at temperatures ranging from (293.15 to 393.15) K, and the speed of sound was measured at temperatures ranging from (293.15 to 333.15) K. For the mixtures, the speed of sound at 293.15 K decreased (1297.6 to 1285.7) m•s −1 as the mole fraction of 2,2,4,4,6,8,8heptamethylnonane increased and decreased (1297.6 to 1203.6) m•s −1 as the mole fraction of 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethylheptane increased. The bulk modulus was calculated from density and speed of sound data. Flash points for the mixtures ranged from (318 to 367) K, and surface tension values ranged from (21.8 to 25.3) mN•m −1 . When comparing to alternative fuels, two-component mixtures could be found to match the density and viscosity of HRJs and HRDs. The mixtures matched the speed of sound, bulk modulus, surface tension, and flash point of some of these hydrotreated fuels. These data suggest that binary mixtures of n-dodecane with branched alkanes may be suitable surrogates for renewable fuels.

Liquid Viscosity and Surface Tension of n-Dodecane, n-Octacosane, Their Mixtures, and a Wax between 323 and 573 K by Surface Light Scattering

“…The data obtained by Lyusternik and Zhdanov in the gaseous region between 503 and 681 K as well as by Giller and Drickamer near the freezing point of about 262 K up to 293 K cannot be used for data comparison here. More recent experimental viscosity data for n -C 12 H 26 at or close to saturation conditions are generally determined only around ambient temperature below 323 K , or agree with our present results within combined uncertainties . Further recently published experimental data from Yang et al were obtained over an extended temperature range from 303 to 673 K in the compressed liquid phase at 5 MPa.…”

“…More recent experimental viscosity data for n-C 12 H 26 at or close to saturation conditions are generally determined only around ambient temperature below 323 K 53,54 or agree with our present results within combined uncertainties. 55 Further recently published experimental data from Yang et al 56 were obtained over an extended temperature range from 303 to 673 K in the compressed liquid phase at 5 MPa. For temperatures between 323 and 573 K studied in our measurements, the relative deviations between the data of Yang et al 56 measured by a thermal expansion method and the correlation according to eq 11 increase from +4.2% at 323.2 K to +16.4% at 573.2 K. The larger viscosities for the data of Yang et al 56 compared to our data are reasonable due to the larger pressure in their measurements, and are in agreement with the correlation of Huber et al 32 within combined uncertainties.…”

Application of a General Computer Algorithm Based on the Group-Additivity Method for the Calculation of Two Molecular Descriptors at Both Ends of Dilution: Liquid Viscosity and Activity Coefficient in Water at Infinite Dilution

“…In the present study the viscosity coefficients have been transformed into their decimal logarithm and entered into the group-additivity calculation as log(η). The main sources of experimental viscosity data have been the collective papers of Suzuki et al [5,7] and Katritzky et al [6], supplemented by more recently published experimental results for alkanes [11,12,13,14], haloalkanes [15,16], alkanols [17,18,19,20], alkylamines [21,22,23,24], aminoalcohols [25,26,27], ethers [28,29], aminoethers [30], acetals [31], ketones [32], esters [33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43], hydroxyesters [44,45], carbonate esters [46], and amides [47,48,49,50,51,52]. Beyond these, experimental data have been added for compounds with atom groups that have not yet been represented in the parameters table: phosphoric acid esters [53,54,55], phosphoric acid amides [56], siloxanes [57] and in particular ionic liquids [32,58,59,60,61,62,…”

MHz Ultrasound Induced Roughness of Fluid Interfaces

“…Sound speed c = √ , where B is bulk modulus (i.e. equal to the inverse of the adiabatic compressibility), density , and the acoustic impedance Z 0 = c 11,12 in water, heptane and air are summarized in Table 1. In linear acoustics, the reflection pressure (r US ) and intensity (R US ) coefficients for normally incident ultrasound between two isotropic media are: 13…”