Density of sodium pyrophosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate solutions in water

Dołżyk, K.; Chmielewska, Iwona

doi:10.7862/rb.2014.126

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, it can be concluded that these anticoagulants can break down clay shale particles better than the other four anticoagulants. This is by research from Kaddah (1975) [11] and Dolzyk & Chmielewska (2014) [9], who recommend these anticoagulant substances. Whereas for Calgon, sodium carbonate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and sodium silicate, the percentage of passing the 0.042 mm sieve was not very high, only 50% or less, so it can be concluded that these four substances are not good at breaking down clay shale particles.…”

Section: Soil Properties Index Testing (Physical Properties)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Emeka (2015) recommends 40 grams of sodium carbonate per 1 liter of distilled water to disperse soil in Ogun State and Kaduna State, Nigeria [8]. Dolzyk & Chmielewska (2014) recommends 3 grams per liter of sodium pyrophosphate as a dispersant agent [9]. Abdulkarim et al (2021) recommend 29.4 grams of sodium tripolyphosphate per liter of distilled water for dispersing fluvial soils in the Alsatian Upper Rhine Plain, Northeastern France [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Analysis of the Anticoagulant's Influence and Its Concentration on Clay Shale Dispersion in Hydrometer Testing

Pardoyo,

Wardani,

Sari

et al. 2023

JTSP

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Clay shale is a material that has the characteristic of being easily weathered if it is continuously exposed to the air. Based on this reason, further testing is needed for clay shale material to analyze the material characteristics, one of which is using a hydrometer test. In the hydrometer test, an anticoagulant breaks down the particles. Still, when the test was carried out by various laboratories with different types of samples, it would produce varying test results. This study aims to determine the effect of anticoagulant substances and their concentration on clay shale dispersion in the hydrometer test. The material used was clay shale from the Meteseh, Tembalang District, Semarang. This research method used was a hydrometer test based on British Standard 1377 Part 2 1990 and ASTM D7928-17 using seven anticoagulant agents. The results of the study using the British Standard 1377 Part 2 method showed that sodium polyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, and sodium hexametaphosphate were most influential in dispersing clay shale particles, which were characterized by a higher passing percentage of 0.042 mm and 0.002 mm when compared to other anticoagulants. Meanwhile, Calgon, sodium carbonate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and sodium silicate did not significantly affect the clay shale dispersion, indicated by the percentage that passed the sieve, which was not very high. Based on the British Standard 1377 Part 2 1990 and ASTM D7928-17 methods, the most optimum concentration in dispersing clay shale for sodium polyphosphate and sodium pyrophosphate is 5%, while for sodium hexametaphosphate is 6%.

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Section: Soil Properties Index Testing (Physical Properties)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%