Density of nurses and midwives in sub‐Saharan Africa: Trends analysis over the period 2004–2016

Saralegui-Gainza, Amaia; Soto‐Ruiz, Nelia; Escalada-Hernández, Paula; Arregui-Azagra, Adriana; García-Vivar, Cristina; Martín-Rodríguez, Leticia San

doi:10.1111/jonm.13472

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…It is reported that fear of the perpetrator negatively affects support seeking (79). The current findings are contrary to the study by Amel Barez et al (80) where the bulk of the women never asked for help and kept their experiences with perinatal IPV hidden..…”

Section: Support Seeking and Midwives Involvementcontrasting

confidence: 99%

“He stepped on my belly” An exploration of Intimate Partner Violence Experience and Coping Strategies among Pregnant Women in Southwestern-Uganda

Katushabe,

Ndinawe,

Editor

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) associated with pregnancy remains a challenge globally and in the Ugandan context. However, literature on IPV experiences, support seeking and coping strategies during pregnancy remains limited in Uganda. This study explored the pregnant women’s IPV experiences, support seeking and coping strategies in Southwestern Uganda. Pregnant women with IPV experience during the index pregnancy were purposively approached for in-depth interviews and saturation of data was reached at 25 respondents. Data was analyzed inductively using thematic analysis. Women voiced experiences of IPV that included partners: spending nights away from home without any communication, refusal of accompaniment for antenatal care contacts, uncomfortable sexual intercourse positions, forced sexual intercourse, being slapped, punched, and kicked, failure to pay bills like rent, children’s school fees, transport money to seek medical care and food. Women preferred sharing IPV experiences with their biological mothers to midwives or any other person and some kept it to themselves. The main support given by their support systems was encouraging the victims to try and maintain their marriage and keeping quiet when the partner starts quarreling. Women coped by confiding in their relatives, keeping silent, self-consolation, tolerance of the perpetrator since they financially depended on them, distracting bad thoughts through thinking about good things like friends, self-blame and praying to God. Pregnant women did not understand the role of midwives in IPV nor did the midwives’ inquire about the IPV experience during Antenatal care contacts. The findings of this study point to the need for the Health system to incorporate a user friendly IPV screening tool onto the ANC card to enhance routine IPV screening by midwives and recruit counselors and peer supporters to assist midwives in providing individualized psychological support.

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Section: Support Seeking and Midwives Involvementcontrasting

confidence: 99%

“He stepped on my belly” An exploration of Intimate Partner Violence Experience and Coping Strategies among Pregnant Women in Southwestern-Uganda

Katushabe,

Ndinawe,

Editor

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Research tracking health systems that are in the process of enhancing regulatory mechanisms for midwives, such as Lao People's Democratic Republic [37], could also be evaluated using approaches that account for the complexity of health systems, such as difference-indifferences. It is also critical to ascertain if the relationship between midwifery workforce density and regulation holds at a sub-national level, as remote and rural areas often have much lower densities than urban areas and national averages, leading to poorer maternal, newborn, and child health outcomes [38]. While the NHWA has the capacity to report sub-national densities, only two countries in the study sample reported this information.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between midwifery density and midwifery regulatory environments in International Confederation of Midwives member countries

Clark,

LaNoue,

Clouse

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BackgroundMidwives are a cost-effective solution for reducing preventable maternal death, but barriers to their recruitment, training, deployment, and retention exist. Improved midwifery regulation is proposed to address these challenges through activities related to education and qualification, licensure, registration/re-licensure, and scope and conduct of practice. However, no quantitative analysis of the associations between midwifery regulation and workforce density in low- and middle-income countries has been conducted, limiting actionable insights for policymakers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between midwifery regulatory environments and midwifery workforce densities (midwives per 10,000 population) in International Confederation of Midwives member countries.MethodsThe study used secondary data from the 2019 Global Midwives’ Associations Map Survey to perform a cross-sectional analysis of 103 International Confederation of Midwives member countries. To operationalize the strength of a country’s midwifery regulatory environment, we used a previously developed Midwifery Regulatory Environment Index. We conducted multivariable linear regression analysis to evaluate the relationship between this index and country-level midwifery density, available from the National Health Workforce Accounts.ResultsMidwifery regulatory environments are significantly associated with midwifery workforce densities across countries. For every 1-point increase in the Midwifery Regulatory Environment Index (indicating activities in at least one additional regulatory domain), midwifery density increased by 0.66 midwives per 10,000 population (p = 0.011). This effect decreased to 0.41 midwives per 10,000 population yet remained significant even after controlling for country level income, per capita health spending, income inequality, and human development index (p = 0.04).ConclusionStronger regulatory environments are associated with higher densities of midwives, even when controlling for potential confounding factors such as country-level income and health spending. This relationship suggests that policymakers should invest in midwifery regulation to improve maternal health outcomes.

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“…Africa, the world's second most populous continent, is experiencing a significant shortage of nurses and midwives (1,2).…”

Section: Dear Editormentioning

confidence: 99%

Strengthening Africa’s Healthcare System: A Multifaceted Approach to Addressing the Nurses and Midwives Shortage

Isah,

Muhammad,

Adisa

et al. 2024

Mod Care J

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Density of nurses and midwives in sub‐Saharan Africa: Trends analysis over the period 2004–2016

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

“He stepped on my belly” An exploration of Intimate Partner Violence Experience and Coping Strategies among Pregnant Women in Southwestern-Uganda

“He stepped on my belly” An exploration of Intimate Partner Violence Experience and Coping Strategies among Pregnant Women in Southwestern-Uganda

Relationship between midwifery density and midwifery regulatory environments in International Confederation of Midwives member countries

Strengthening Africa’s Healthcare System: A Multifaceted Approach to Addressing the Nurses and Midwives Shortage

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