Density of chromium-containing ferroalloys

Andreev, N. A.; Жучков, В. И.; Zayakin, O. V.

doi:10.1134/s0036029513060025

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The average chemical composition of the metal was determined, %: 14.85 Fe, 14.05 Si, 7.55 Mn, 57.54 Cr, and 6.01 C. Such a high content of Cr and C brings the composition of the alloy close to that of HC FeCr, with an increased presence of Si and Mn [21,22]. The composition is distinct from the Fe-Si-Mn-Cr ferroalloys reported in the literature, notably due to its higher chromium and carbon content [23,24].…”

Section: Research Of Smelting Productsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The presence of ferroalloy elements in the form of silicides and carbides plays a crucial role in the subsequent alloying of steel, as their dissolved state reduces the degree of oxidation and minimizes evaporative losses. Increased Si content contributes to a reduction in density, melting temperature, and melting time of the ferroalloy in liquid metal, decreases oxidizability, and enhances the assimilation of alloying elements [23,25]. Mn also reduces the melting temperature, albeit to a lesser extent [25], and aids in S removal, acts as a deoxidizer and reductant along with Si during steel alloying, thereby improving the incorporation of alloying elements by the melt [26,27].…”

Section: Research Of Smelting Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of complex Fe-Si-Mn-Cr ferroalloy using high-ash coal: a sustainable metallurgical approach

Makhambetov,

Gabdullin,

Zhakan

et al. 2024

Mater. Res. Express

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The article presents the results of comprehensive thermodynamic modeling and laboratory tests conducted for smelting a complex ferroalloy of silicon, manganese, and chromium (Fe-Si-Mn-Cr) from chromium, medium-grade manganese ores, and high-ash coals from Kazakhstan. Thermodynamic analysis was performed using HSC Chemistry software to model the Fe-Si-Mn-Cr smelting process over a temperature range of 900–1800 ℃. This analysis involved six actual charge compositions with solid reductant (Csolid) consumption ranging from 5 to 20 kg per 100 kg of Cr and Mn ore mixture. The mechanism of the combined carbothermic reduction of Cr, Mn, Si, and Fe was investigated using the Cr-Si-Al-Ca-Mn-Mg-O-C system. According to thermodynamic data, the optimal consumption of Csolid per 100 kg of ore mixture is 17 kg, and the optimal temperature range for smelting ferroalloys is between 1600 and 1700 ℃. Laboratory tests were conducted in a high-temperature Tamman furnace at 1700 ℃, resulting in experimental samples of the new complex ferroalloy with an average composition of 14.85% Fe, 14.05% Si, 7.55% Mn, 57.54% Cr, and 6.01% C, with P < 0.03% and S < 0.02%. The phase composition included (Cr, Fe, Mn)3Si and carbides Cr23C6 and (Fe, Mn)3C. The resulting alloy is suitable for alloying high-carbon and tool steels.

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Section: Research Of Smelting Productsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Research Of Smelting Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of complex Fe-Si-Mn-Cr ferroalloy using high-ash coal: a sustainable metallurgical approach

Makhambetov,

Gabdullin,

Zhakan

et al. 2024

Mater. Res. Express

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“…NIOKR-2018 art conditions of steel making. For efficient application of new ferroalloys compositions the knowledge of their functional characteristics [16][17][18] and features of steel alloying processes proceeding [19][20] are highly demanded.…”

Section: Kne Materials Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Process of Alloying Steel By Nitrated Chromium

Смирнов¹,

Zayakin²,

Жучков³

et al. 2019

Kms

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“…The chromium-manganese-silicon-containing ferroalloy Fe-Cr-Mn-Si is particularly interesting, as it includes the most common and widely used alloying elements in steel smelting. Their combination allows for more efficient use of Fe-Cr-Mn-Si in alloying steels and alloys due to better assimilation in steel [1][2][3][4][5]. Another advantage is the possibility of involving raw materials of lower quality, low-grade ores and slags in producing such ferroalloys [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic Diagram Analysis and Smelting of Complex Fe-Cr-Mn-Si Ferroalloy

Gabdullin,

Makhambetov,

Saulebek

et al. 2024

Acta Metall Slovaca

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A state diagram of the Cr-Mn-Si-Fe metallic system, which simulates the compositions of complex chromium-manganese-silicon-containing ferroalloy (Fe-Cr-Mn-Si), has been constructed using thermodynamic-diagram analysis. Theoretical investigations have determined that the system comprises eight elementary tetrahedra. The sum of the relative volumes of the elementary tetrahedra equals one (1.00000), confirming the accuracy of the tetrahedration conducted. Analytical expressions for each tetrahedron have been derived. Calculations have determined the tetrahedron characterizing the phase composition of the ferroalloy. This tetrahedron is identified as the most voluminous phase triangle in the Cr-Mn-Si-Fe metallic system, implying that its significant volume facilitates the smelting process of chromium-manganese-silicon-containing ferroalloy, i.e., there is the possibility of freely regulating the charge compositions to achieve the required alloy grade. Based on the obtained results, an experimental smelting of the Fe-Cr-Mn-Si ferroalloy was conducted using a charge composed of chromium ore, low-grade manganese ore, and coke, resulting in a sample with the following composition, %: 44.07 Cr, 13.97 Fe, 12.48 Mn, 9.48 Si, 4.45 C. The microstructure comprises a complex silicide (Cr, Fe, Mn)3Si and Cr3C2 carbides.

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Density of chromium-containing ferroalloys

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Production of complex Fe-Si-Mn-Cr ferroalloy using high-ash coal: a sustainable metallurgical approach

Production of complex Fe-Si-Mn-Cr ferroalloy using high-ash coal: a sustainable metallurgical approach

Study of the Process of Alloying Steel By Nitrated Chromium

Thermodynamic Diagram Analysis and Smelting of Complex Fe-Cr-Mn-Si Ferroalloy

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