Density functional theory–based design of a Pt-skinned PtNi catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cells

Pt–Ni Alloy Nanoparticles via High-Temperature Shock as Efficient Electrocatalysts in the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

“…The interaction between the substrate and adsorbates is strongly dependent on the d-band centers, which is usually modified by the strain and ligand effect. For the Pt–M alloy, many comprehensive studies have validated that the d-band center is a reliable descriptor for the ORR. − Based on the volcano plot of ORR activity vs O species binding energy, the optimal value of O binding energy is smaller than that on a pristine Pt surface. Meanwhile, the lower ε d corresponds to weaker interaction with adsorbates based on Nørskov’s theory .…”

Preparation, Performance and Challenges of Catalyst Layer for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

“…Of course, the larger the three-phase boundary, the more efficient the redox reaction will be. At present, different methods have been used to reduce Pt loading and improve the activity and durability of catalysts, including adjusting the structure and morphology of Pt particles [34][35][36], adjusting the exposure of high active crystal surface of Pt particles [37,38], constructing alloying system [39][40][41][42][43][44][45], developing a non-Pt based catalyst [28,29], improving the properties of carbon support [46][47][48], replacing carbon supports such as Ti [49,50] and silica [51], and recovering precious metals from the catalyst in the post-treatment stage [52].…”

PtCu/Pt core/atomic-layer shell hollow octahedra for oxygen reduction and methanol oxidation electrocatalysis

“…[9][10][11][12] However, the practical application of Pt-based catalysts faces significant challenges, including sluggish ORR and MOR kinetics, weak resistance to CO poisoning, incomplete methanol oxidation, and high production costs. 11,13 In DMPEMFCs, the performance of Pt active sites at the cathode side is crucially governed by both the activation capacity of O 2 and the adsorptive strength toward intermediates such as *OOH, *O, *OH, and *H. [14][15][16][17] Similarly, at the anode side, the kinetics of the MOR are controlled by the catalyst's ability to dissociate methanol and the adsorption strength of carboncontaining intermediates (e.g., CH x O y , CH x , and CO) and OH species. 1,[18][19][20][21] To address the limitations in ORR and MOR activity, numerous strategies have been proposed, including Pt alloying with cost-effective 3d metals (M), shape control, surface engineering (strain and/or vacancy), hollow structures, core-shell structures, and atomic Pt shell layers.…”