Density, Dispersion and Population Genetics of a Silene latifolia Seed Bank from Southwestern Virginia

Armstrong, R. Todd

doi:10.2307/3088672

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, previous research has also suggested the presence of a seed bank [30], though allele frequencies observed in the seed bank are highly consistent with above ground cohorts [30]. We believe our ad hoc measure of population extinction is consistent with the theoretical expectations of the effect of founder effects on the distribution of variation in allele frequencies [8].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Determinants of Genetic Structure in a Nonequilibrium Metapopulation of the Plant Silene latifolia

Fields

Taylor

2014

PLoS ONE

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Population genetic differentiation will be influenced by the demographic history of populations, opportunities for migration among neighboring demes and founder effects associated with repeated extinction and recolonization. In natural populations, these factors are expected to interact with each other and their magnitudes will vary depending on the spatial distribution and age structure of local demes. Although each of these effects has been individually identified as important in structuring genetic variance, their relative magnitude is seldom estimated in nature. We conducted a population genetic analysis in a metapopulation of the angiosperm, Silene latifolia, from which we had more than 20 years of data on the spatial distribution, demographic history, and extinction and colonization of demes. We used hierarchical Bayesian methods to disentangle which features of the populations contributed to among population variation in allele frequencies, including the magnitude and direction of their effects. We show that population age, long-term size and degree of connectivity all combine to affect the distribution of genetic variance; small, recently-founded, isolated populations contributed most to increase F ST in the metapopulation. However, the effects of population size and population age are best understood as being modulated through the effects of connectivity to other extant populations, i.e. F ST diminishes as populations age, but at a rate that depends how isolated the population is. These spatial and temporal correlates of population structure give insight into how migration, founder effect and within-deme genetic drift have combined to enhance and restrict genetic divergence in a natural metapopulation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Determinants of Genetic Structure in a Nonequilibrium Metapopulation of the Plant Silene latifolia

Fields

Taylor

2014

PLoS ONE

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“…This pattern can also be explained if we consider how ephemeral S. latifolia populations can be. Decline or disappearance (at least temporary, as seed banks may persist, Peroni & Armstrong 2001) of a local S. latifolia population may promote migration of adult moths to other plant populations, resulting in greater movement of the moth than of its host plant. Such large‐scale migration events, combined with occasional migration between subpopulations, should maintain genetic differentiation among populations low, while strong selection might otherwise isolate populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative population genetic structure in a plant-pollinator/seed predator system

et al. 2011

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Comparative analyses of spatial genetic structure of populations of plants and the insects they interact with provide an indication of how gene flow, natural selection and genetic drift may jointly influence the distribution of genetic variation and potential for local co-adaptation for interacting species. Here, we analysed the spatial scale of genetic structure within and among nine populations of an interacting species pair, the white campion Silene latifolia and the moth Hadena bicruris, along a latitudinal gradient across Northern/Central Europe. This dioecious, short-lived perennial plant inhabits patchy, often disturbed environments. The moth H. bicruris acts both as its pollinator and specialist seed predator that reproduces by laying eggs in S. latifolia flowers. We used nine microsatellite markers for S. latifolia and eight newly developed markers for H. bicruris. We found high levels of inbreeding in most populations of both plant and pollinator/seed predator. Among populations, significant genetic structure was observed for S. latifolia but not for its pollinator/seed predator, suggesting that despite migration among populations of H. bicruris, pollen is not, or only rarely, carried over between populations, thus maintaining genetic structure among plant populations. There was a weak positive correlation between genetic distances of S. latifolia and H. bicruris. These results indicate that while significant structure of S. latifolia populations creates the potential for differentiation at traits relevant for the interaction with the pollinator/seed predator, substantial gene flow in H. bicruris may counteract this process in at least some populations.

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“…Even seed studies related to potential reintroduction (e.g., Drayton and Primrack, 2000;Hamzé and Jolls, 2000;Baskin and Baskin, 2002;Table 12.1 in Husband and Campbell, 2004) mostly focus on seed dormancy, germination, or seed bank characteristics (e.g., Budelsky and Galatowitsch, 1999;Cochrane et al, 2001). Furthermore, published studies of seed germination in Silene (e.g., Menges, 1991Menges, , 1995Peroni and Armstrong, 2001) thus far do not include the effect of inbreeding on germination and survival as part of restoration or experimental reintroductions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Outbreeding, seedling establishment, and maladaptation in natural and reintroduced populations of rare and common Silene douglasii (Caryophyllaceae)

Lofflin

Kephart

2005

American J of Botany

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Reintroductions are increasingly used to enhance declining populations, yet comparative data for critical germination and establishment phases are seldom available for both rare and common herbaceous perennials. After introducing a total of >1800 seeds, we compared experimentally manipulated and natural populations of widespread Silene douglasii var. douglasii relative to rare S. douglasii var. oraria, known in only three coastal headlands. Despite equivalent ex situ germination, oraria field plots produced significantly fewer juveniles than douglasii plots indicating that seedling survival limits plant establishment. We also evaluated transplant vs. seed reintroductions as restoration tools, the effect of inbreeding on fitness, and the potential importance of buried seed pools. Germination declined rapidly for seeds over 1-2 years old, and only 2.2% of newly collected seeds of oraria survived as seedlings. Transplant survival over 5 years was greatest for outbred progeny; furthermore, 75% of the new seedlings emerged near outbred progeny from the original reintroduction. Despite similar ovule numbers and pollinator visitation, transplants exhibited 49-179% maladaptation in the formerly grazed site, with significantly lower fruit and seed set than adults in more diverse natural populations. This study experimentally identifies several key factors affecting plant reintroductions, facilitating effective development of large-scale reintroduction strategies for native perennials.

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Density, Dispersion and Population Genetics of a Silene latifolia Seed Bank from Southwestern Virginia

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Determinants of Genetic Structure in a Nonequilibrium Metapopulation of the Plant Silene latifolia

Determinants of Genetic Structure in a Nonequilibrium Metapopulation of the Plant Silene latifolia

Comparative population genetic structure in a plant-pollinator/seed predator system

Outbreeding, seedling establishment, and maladaptation in natural and reintroduced populations of rare and common Silene douglasii (Caryophyllaceae)

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