Density-Dependent Population Dynamics of a Dominant Rain Forest Canopy Tree

Blundell, Arthur G.; Peart, David R.

doi:10.1890/01-4101

Cited by 89 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…It provides a mechanism for the recruitment of rare species, and has been interpreted more generally as an effect of conspecific density, not just distance from parent trees (Hammond and Brown, 1998;Wright, 2002;Terborgh, 2012). Evidence indicates that such negative densitydependent recruitment is widespread during the seed-to-seedling transition stage (Blundell and Peart, 2004;Wright et al, 2005;Kobe and Vriesendorp, 2011). In contrast to the Janzen-Connell model, the predator satiation hypothesis predicts that seed attack is reduced in high-seed years or in areas with high seed densities, leading to positive density-dependent recruitment of common species (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed–predator satiation and Janzen–Connell effects vary with spatial scales for seed-feeding insects

Xiao

Holyoak³

et al. 2016

Ann Bot

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Background and AimsThe Janzen-Connell model predicts that common species suffer high seed predation from specialized natural enemies as a function of distance from parent trees, and consequently as a function of conspecific density, whereas the predator satiation hypothesis predicts that seed attack is reduced due to predator satiation at high seed densities. Pre-dispersal predation by insects was studied while seeds are still on parent trees, which represents a frequently overlooked stage in which seed predation occurs.Methods Reproductive tree density and seed production were investigated from ten Quercus serrata populations located in south-west China, quantifying density-dependent pre-dispersal seed predation over two years by three insect groups.Key Results Acorn infestation was nearly twice as high in the low-seed year as that in the high-seed year, with considerable spatio-temporal variation in the direction and magnitude of density-dependent pre-dispersal seed predation evident. Across whole populations of trees, a high density of reproductive trees caused predator satiation and reduced insect attack in the high-seed year. Within individual trees, and consistent with the Janzen-Connell model, overall insect seed predation was positively correlated with seed production in the low-seed year. In addition, there was variation among insect taxa, with positive density-dependent seed predation by Curculio weevils in the high-seed year and moths in the low-seed year, but apparent density independence by Cyllorhynchites weevils in both years.Conclusions The overall trend of negative density-dependent, pre-dispersal seed predation suggests that predator satiation limited the occurrence of Janzen-Connell effects across Q. serrata populations. Such effects may have large impacts on plant population dynamics and tree diversity, depending on the extent to which they are reduced by counteracting positive density-dependent predation for seeds on individual trees and other factors affecting successful recruitment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed–predator satiation and Janzen–Connell effects vary with spatial scales for seed-feeding insects

Xiao

Holyoak³

et al. 2016

Ann Bot

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“…Given that the tests mentioned were almost all from one site (there are occasional scattered single-species examples from elsewhere, e.g., for seedlings ,1 cm dbh only; Blundell and Peart [2004]), it is doubtful whether it can be generally concluded for tropical forests that NDD is operating among seedlings only, and not sometimes (or even frequently) just as strongly among the small-tree size class. At other sites, the situation might be reversed, or a mixture of NDD mechanisms operate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relaxation of species‐specific neighborhood effects in Bornean rain forest under climatic perturbation

Newbery

Stoll

2013

Ecology

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Abstract. Evidence of negative conspecific density dependence (NDD) operating on seedling survival and sapling recruitment has accumulated recently. In contrast, evidence of NDD operating on growth of trees has been circumstantial at best. Whether or not local NDD at the level of individual trees leads to NDD at the level of the community is still an open question. Moreover, whether and how perturbations interfere with these processes have rarely been investigated. We applied neighborhood models to permanent plot data from a Bornean dipterocarp forest censused over two 10-11 year periods. Although the first period was only lightly perturbed, a moderately strong El Nin˜o event causing severe drought occurred in the first half of the second period. Such events are an important component of the environmental stochasticity affecting the region. We show that local NDD on growth of small-to-mediumsized trees may indeed translate to NDD at the level of the community. This interpretation is based on increasingly negative effects of bigger conspecific neighbors on absolute growth rates of individual trees with increasing basal area across the 18 most abundant overstory species in the first period. However, this relationship was much weaker in the second period. We interpreted this relaxation of local and community-level NDD as a consequence of increased light levels at the forest floor due to temporary leaf and twig loss of large trees in response to the drought event. Mitigation of NDD under climatic perturbation acts to decrease species richness, especially in forest overstory and therefore has an important role in determining species relative abundances at the site.

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“…The Ricker, BevertonHolt, and power functions include only negative effects of density (but see Myers et al 1995 for a modified version of the Beverton-Holt function that incorporates positive density dependence). In contrast, Blundell and Peart (2004) found that early seedling recruitment in a tropical tree population was positively density dependent, probably because of predator satiation. In such cases, we will need to develop models that incorporate both positive and negative effects of density, whose relative importance changes as a function of seed density.…”

Section: Applying and Extending The Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 83%

Plants as Reef Fish: Fitting the Functional Form of Seedling Recruitment

Poulsen¹,

Osenberg²,

Clark³

et al. 2007

The American Naturalist

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The life histories of many species depend first on dispersal to local sites and then on establishment. After dispersal, density-independent and density-dependent mortalities modify propagule supply, determining the number of individuals that establish. Because multiple factors influence recruitment, the dichotomy of propagule versus establishment limitation is best viewed as a continuum along which the strength of propagule or establishment limitation changes with propagule input. To evaluate the relative importance of seed and establishment limitation for plants, we (1) describe the shape of the recruitment function and (2) use limitation and elasticity analyses to quantify the sensitivity of recruitment to perturbations in seed limitation and density-independent and density-dependent mortality. Using 36 seed augmentation studies for 18 species, we tested four recruitment functions against one another. Although the linear model (accounting for seed limitation and density-independent mortality) fitted the largest number of studies, the nonlinear Beverton-Holt model (accounting for density-dependent mortality) performed better at high densities of seed augmentation. For the 18 species, seed limitation constrained population size more than other sources of limitation at ambient conditions. Seedling density reached saturation with increasing seed density in many studies, but at such high densities that seedling density was primarily limited by seed availability rather than microsite availability or density dependence.

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Density-Dependent Population Dynamics of a Dominant Rain Forest Canopy Tree

Cited by 89 publications

References 36 publications

Seed–predator satiation and Janzen–Connell effects vary with spatial scales for seed-feeding insects

Seed–predator satiation and Janzen–Connell effects vary with spatial scales for seed-feeding insects

Relaxation of species‐specific neighborhood effects in Bornean rain forest under climatic perturbation

Plants as Reef Fish: Fitting the Functional Form of Seedling Recruitment

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