Density dependence in cereal aphid populations

Maudsley, Martin; Mackenzie, Aulay; Thacker, J. I.; Dixon, A. F. G.

doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1996.tb07106.x

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…We were unable to Þnd any temperature relationship under South Carolina conditions. Rhopalosiphum padi populations in cereals have also been positively correlated with preceding summer rainfall (Plumb 1995, Maudsley et al 1996, however, we found no signiÞ-cant correlation. In our studies, barley yellow dwarf incidence was primarily dependent on the development of R. padi colonies during February and March.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Seasonal Abundance of Aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Wheat and Their Role as Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Vectors in the South Carolina Coastal Plain

Chapin¹,

Thomas²,

Gray³

et al. 2001

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Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) seasonal flight activity and abundance in wheat, Triticum aestivum L., and the significance of aphid species as vectors of barley yellow dwarf virus were studied over a nine-year period in the South Carolina coastal plain. Four aphid species colonized wheat in a consistent seasonal pattern. Greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), and rice root aphid, Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominalis (Sasaki), colonized seedlingwheat immediately after crop emergence, with apterous colonies usually peaking in December or January and then declining for the remainder of the season. These two aphid species are unlikely to cause economic loss on wheat in South Carolina, thus crop managers should not have to sample for the subterranean R. rufiabdominalis colonies. Bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), was the second most abundant species and the most economically important. Rhopalosiphum padi colonies usually remained below 10/row-meter until peaking in February or March. Barley yellow dwarf incidence and wheat yield loss were significantly correlated with R. padi peak abundance and aphid-day accumulation on the crop. Based on transmission assays, R. padi was primarily responsible for vectoring the predominant virus serotype (PAV) we found in wheat. Pest management efforts should focus on sampling for and suppressing this aphid species. December planting reduced aphid-day accumulation and barley yellow dwarf incidence, but delayed planting is not a practical management option. English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (F.), was the last species to colonize wheat each season, and the most abundant. Sitobion avenae was responsible for late-season virus transmission and caused direct yield loss by feeding on heads and flag leaves during an outbreak year.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Seasonal Abundance of Aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Wheat and Their Role as Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Vectors in the South Carolina Coastal Plain

Chapin¹,

Thomas²,

Gray³

et al. 2001

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“…Density-dependent feedbacks have been reported previously for aphid populations for which long-term data sets are available (Sequeira & Dixon, 1997), and density-dependent population Table 2. For instance, Maudsley et al (1996) found that approximately 60% of the European R. padi populations they observed exhibited density-dependent population growth, and 100% of the M. dirhodum populations they tested exhibited density-dependent regulation. Values are coefficients of determination (R 2 ) for linear regressions of log-transformed interannual aphid population abundances, N t , on climate metrics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differing contributions of density dependence and climate to the population dynamics of three eruptive herbivores

Davis

Abatzoglou

Bosque‐Pérez

et al. 2014

Ecological Entomology

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1. Although both endogenous and exogenous processes regulate populations, the current understanding of the contributions from density dependence and climate to the population dynamics of eruptive herbivores remains limited.2. Using a 17-year time series of three cereal aphid species [Rhopalosiphum padi L., Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker), and Diuraphis noxia (Kurdumov)] compiled from a trapping network spanning the northwestern U.S.A., temporal and spatial patterns associated with population fluctuations, and modelled density dependence in aphid abundances were tested. These models were used to analyse correlations between climate and aphid abundances in the presence and absence of residual variance as a result of density-dependent effects.3. The temporal dynamics of aphid population fluctuations indicated periodicity, with no clear evidence for a spatial pattern underlying population fluctuations.4. Aphid abundances oscillated in a manner consistent with delayed density dependence for all three aphid species, although the strength of these feedbacks differed among species.5. Diuraphis noxia abundances were negatively correlated with increasing temperatures in the absence of density-dependent effects, whereas M. dirhodum abundances were positively correlated with increasing cumulative precipitation in the presence of density-dependent effects; yet, R. padi abundances were unrelated to climate variables irrespective of population feedbacks.6. Our analysis suggests that endogenous feedbacks differentially regulate aphid populations in the northwestern U.S.A., and these feedbacks may operate at an expansive spatial scale. It is concluded that the contributions of density dependence and climate to aphid population dynamics are species-specific in spite of similar ecological niches, with implications for assessing species responses to climate variability.

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“…Aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) have complex population dynamics often characterized by wide variations of population density, both on a temporal and spatial scale. Analyses of long time-series data reveal that density dependent processes commonly regulate populations of aphids within and between years (Woiwod and Hanski, 1992;Maudsley et al, 1996;Sequeira and Dixon, 1997;Jorošík and Dixon, 1999). Interactions among aphids and their host-plant largely contribute to the regulation of aphid populations, through the intrinsic quality of host plants (Kidd, 1990;Karley et al, 2003) or intraspecific competition on crowded plants resulting in an elevated level of mortality, low reproductive success, and high rate of dispersal among aphids (Dixon, 1971(Dixon, , 1998Day, 1986;Klindmann and Dixon, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal density dependence in a population of melon aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae), on established and sentinel taro plants

Rhainds

Messing

2005

Appl. Entomol. Zool.

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A study carried out across 33 weeks in a patch of taro, Colocasia esculenta L., quantified demographic parameters and density-dependent processes for a population of melon aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover. Variation in relative density of aphids per cm 2 of leaf tissue between consecutive weeks declined with the initial density of aphids, indicating that density dependent processes regulate populations of A. gossypii on taro. High abundance of aphids on large leaves suggest that host attributes affect the rates of colonization or reproduction of adults. Even though the incidence of winged aphids was consistently low throughout the experiment, between plant dispersal by aphids still homogenizes their spatial distribution within an array of plants, as indicated by similar relative densities of aphids on established plants and on sentinel (initially uninfested) plants 60 days following their introduction in the patch. The proportion of aphids parasitised by Aphidius colemanii Viereck and Aphelinus spp. was low (Ͻ3%), which may be attributed to a high level (Ͼ95%) of hyperparasitism. Mortality caused by two entomopathogens, Neozygites fresenii Nowakowski and Verticillium lecanii Zimmerman, averaged 12%. The proportion of fungal infection increased with the density of aphids, both on a spatial and temporal scale. However, the population of A. gossypii on taro was most likely not regulated by entomopathogens, because the proportion of diseased aphids did not influence variations of population density between consecutive weeks. The lower proportion of fungal infection on sentinel plants than on established plants suggests a limited impact of entomopathogens on taro plants recently colonized by aphids.

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Density dependence in cereal aphid populations

Cited by 22 publications

References 22 publications

Seasonal Abundance of Aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Wheat and Their Role as Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Vectors in the South Carolina Coastal Plain

Seasonal Abundance of Aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Wheat and Their Role as Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Vectors in the South Carolina Coastal Plain

Differing contributions of density dependence and climate to the population dynamics of three eruptive herbivores

Spatial and temporal density dependence in a population of melon aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae), on established and sentinel taro plants

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