Density and Refractive Index Studies of Dental Hard Tissues

Manly, R.S.; Hodge, Harold C.; Ange, Louise E.

doi:10.1177/00220345390180030301

Cited by 77 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This was necessary because most of the studies evaluated the enamel loss in thickness. The value of 3.0 g/cm 4 for enamel density was used (MANLY et al, 1939). Mass loss in each stage was divided by the density value to obtain the corresponding enamel volume.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enamel loss and superficial aspect during bonding and debonding of metallic brackets

et al. 2016

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ABSTRACT:To evaluate the cumulative enamel loss during bonding and debonding procedures of orthodontic metallic brackets and to analyze the enamel superficial roughness. Forty-seven maxillary first premolars were obtained for quantitative and qualitative analysis. For quantitative analysis, forty premolars were weighed at each stage of treatment and the equivalent thickness of enamel loss was measured. The amount of tooth mass loss in each stage was divided by the density value to obtain the corresponding enamel volume lost. Subsequently, these volumes were divided by a circular area with a diameter of 7 mm, thus obtaining the equivalent thickness of enamel loss. They were assessed under the following conditions: as sound enamel, after acid conditioning, following the removal of residual resin composite, after final polishing with high or low-speed, and with or without water refrigeration. A rugosimeter was used to obtain a graphic registration of the enamel superficial roughness before and after acid conditioning. The data were analyzed with the Quantikov software and the Shapiro Wilk's and Wilcoxon statistical tests were used to evaluate enamel superficial roughness. The one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni Post-Hoc tests were used to analyze the amount of enamel loss. For qualitative analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the enamel surfaces was performed on seven premolars, one in each step. Acid conditioning significantly increased enamel surface roughness (p<0.01). Based on the dental mass weighed after each stage of evaluation, enamel loss was statistically significant in all stages (p<0.01). However, when the 4 different final polishing methods were compared, no statistically significant differences were registered regarding loss of mineralized structure (p=0.72). The SEM analysis revealed that the tungsten-carbide bur with water refrigeration and lowspeed rubber points caused less damage to the enamel. The greatest amount of enamel loss was due to acid conditioning. The losses relative to abrasion with composite removal or after the 4 polishing protocols were similar. Finally, none of the enamel surfaces was restored to their original aspects after bonding and debonding metallic brackets.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enamel loss and superficial aspect during bonding and debonding of metallic brackets

et al. 2016

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“…The depth of etch was calculated from the following equation: Depth of etch = mass/(density E biopsy area) (density of enamel = 2.95 gcm -3 ; density of cementum = 2.03 gcm -3 ) [Manly et al, 1939].…”

Section: Fluoride Uptake By Enamel and Cementummentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Enamel and Cementum Fluoride Uptake from Three Fluoride–Containing Composites

et al. 1998

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The incorporation of fluoride into restorations is desirable because of its cariostatic action. The purpose of this study was to determine fluoride release and fluoride uptake by enamel and cementum from three visible light–cured fluoride–containing composites. Seven circular discs of each composite were prepared and the amount of fluoride released into distilled water was determined at daily intervals for 14 days and then after 30, 60 and 90 days. The fluoride concentration in enamel and cementum was determined in three successive depths by an acid etch biopsy procedure. The composite slabs were made and ligated to the enamel and cementum surfaces and the teeth were immersed in synthetic saliva for 7 days. After removal of the composite slabs, three successive biopsies were again performed. Then the teeth were immersed in 1 M KOH for 24 h and similar biopsies done. The fluoride concentrations were adjusted to standardized depths of 10μm, and the total and bound fluoride uptake calculated. The amounts of fluoride released were significantly different among the three composites. The fluoride released decreased sharply after 1 day and then gradually reached a plateau. As for the enamel and cementum fluoride uptake, FluorEver showed the largest uptake followed by FluoroCore and then Pertac–Hybrid.

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“…The following equations were used to calculate the acid-etched depth and the fluoride content of each layer sampled from the enamel specimens. The calculations used a density of 2.95 g ⁄ cm 3 for enamel 16 and a 37.5% calcium concentration of the enamel. Since the exact density of partially demineralized enamel is not known, the two parameters calculated are approximations: (1) acid-etched depth (lm) = mass of calcium (lg) ⁄ [37.5% · 2.95 (g ⁄ cm …”

Section: Measuring the Fluoride Content Of Remineralized Enamelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remineralization and acid resistance of enamel lesions after chewing gum containing fluoride extracted from green tea

Suyama

Tamura

Ozawa

et al. 2011

Australian Dental Journal

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Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate enamel remineralization and the acquisition of acid resistance by using sugar-free chewing gum containing fluoride extracted from green tea. Methods: Forty-five volunteers participated in a crossover, double-blind study and wore intraoral appliances with human demineralized enamel. Subjects chewed fluoride chewing gum (FCG: 50 lg fluoride) or placebo gum. Remineralization and acid resistance were evaluated using the mineral change value (DZ, in vol%AElm). Fluoride concentrations in saliva and remineralized enamel were analysed. Results: The peak salivary fluoride concentration was 3.93 ± 1.28 ppm (mean ± SD). The elevated salivary fluoride concentration resulted in a higher fluoride concentration of 656 ± 95 ppm in the remineralized region versus 159 ± 26 ppm for placebo gum (p < 0.001). After remineralization, the DZ of the FCG group was higher than that of the placebo gum group. After an acid challenge, DZ of the FCG group was lower than the placebo gum group. Both DZ were statistically significant. Conclusions: FCG produced a superior level of remineralization and acid resistance, as compared to the placebo gum. The in situ results suggest that regular use of FCG is useful for preventing dental caries.

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Density and Refractive Index Studies of Dental Hard Tissues

Cited by 77 publications

References 3 publications

Enamel loss and superficial aspect during bonding and debonding of metallic brackets

Enamel loss and superficial aspect during bonding and debonding of metallic brackets

In vitro Enamel and Cementum Fluoride Uptake from Three Fluoride–Containing Composites

Remineralization and acid resistance of enamel lesions after chewing gum containing fluoride extracted from green tea

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