Density and Electrical Conductance of Calcium Nitrate Tetrahydrate + Acetamide Melt

Electrical conductances of solutions of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) in acetamide melt were measured at 89°C as a function of concentration. The dependence of molal conductance of SDS and CPC on concentration has been compared with that of normal electrolytes in acetamide melt. Both SDS and CPC are found to micellize in acetamide melt. A mixed electrolyte model has been used to compute the micellization parameters, viz., critical micelle concentration, aggregation number, and counterion binding constant, from the conductance data. Surface potentials of the micelles were computed by solving the nonlinearized Poisson-Boltzmann equation. The free energy terms for micellization were also evaluated.

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“…8,9 A dip-type cell of cell constant ) 121.11 m -1 was used. A thermostated oil bath was used to maintain the temperature at 89°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrical conductance measurements were made at 1 kHz using a Wayne Kerr B905 Automatic Precision Bridge as described elsewhere. , A dip-type cell of cell constant = 121.11 m -1 was used. A thermostated oil bath was used to maintain the temperature at 89 °C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micellization of Surfactants in Acetamide Melt

2000

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“…Thus, in the CNTH + acetamide mixture both CNTH and acetamide exhibit their relative influence in controlling the conductance behavior of a solute, which is in accordance with the reported fact that a binary molten mixture of a hydrated salt and an inorganic/organic solute behaves like an ideal mixture of hydrate melt and supercooled solute. 16,21 The cmc of SDS in the molten mixture at 38 °C seems to decrease with an increase in the amount of CNTH up to ∼30 mass % CNTH in the melt. Thus, the effect of the addition of CNTH on the cmc of SDS in the acetamide-rich molten mixture is similar to the effect of added electrolyte on the cmc in an aqueous medium.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…1 In ionic liquids such as hydrate melts, κ is known to decrease by the addition of an inorganic or organic solute. 16,20 In light of the above, it is apparent that in the CNTH + acetamide melt if κ increases with solute concentration, then acetamide controls the conductance behavior of the added solute and this happens when the amount of acetamide in the molten mixture is >∼73 mass %. On the other hand, if κ decreases with an increase in solute concentration, then the conductance behavior of the solute is governed by CNTH.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Different molten mixtures of CNTH and acetamide containing 78.30 (melt A), 73.47 (melt B), 70.18 (melt C), 68.38 (melt D), and 34.68 (melt E) mass % of acetamide were prepared as described elsewhere. 16 For conductance measurement a weighed amount of any one of the molten mixtures was taken in a sample tube and into it a dip-type conductivity cell of cell constant ) 121.11 m -1 was introduced. The sample tube was then closed airtight and kept in an oil bath maintained at (38 ( 0.1) °C (INSREF thermostat).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrical Conductance of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate in Calcium Nitrate Tetrahydrate + Acetamide Melts

and

Ismail

2001

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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The specific conductance of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in molten mixtures of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (CNTH) and acetamide was measured at 38°C. In these molten mixtures SDS undergoes micellization and the values of the critical micelle concentration (cmc) were estimated. The shape of the specific conductance versus concentration of SDS isotherm depends on the relative amounts of the hydrated salt and acetamide present in the molten mixture. The slope of this isotherm is positive in the acetamiderich (>∼73 mass % acetamide) melt, and it changes to a negative value in the hydrated salt-rich melt.

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Molten salt selection methodology for medium temperature liquid air energy storage application

2019

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Power production research in the recent years is moving towards renewable energy sources with the aim to reduce CO 2 emissions. A potential means to overcome the obstacles placed by the intermittent nature of the most common sustainable energy sources is represented by the Liquid Air Energy Storage (LAES) systems. In order to improve its round trip efficiency, which is currently at 50%, the use of a common thermal medium for thermal storage and heat transfer fluid is considered as an effective solution. Molten salts were selected as the common thermal medium in this work, where a novel methodology for identifying and evaluating alternative mixtures is introduced. Firstly, various literature correlations were collected to form a thermo-physical property database of low melting temperature molten salts. These correlations were integrated in Aspen + by implementing a hybrid simulation technique for property estimation. These simulations were followed by a parametric analysis where 70 molten salt mixtures were evaluated in terms of thermo-physical properties by means of a performance and system index parameter. Following this process, 16 new molten salt mixtures were selected for the experimental campaign to measure their melting point temperature. As a result, two new alternative molten salt mixtures were found to have a low melting point of 95°C and 105°C, whilst providing a 37% and 34% increase in the performance indicator value. Hence, the presented methodology was proven to be an effective and versatile tool in identifying alternative salt mixtures, and can be adapted for comparable applications.

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Density and Electrical Conductance of Calcium Nitrate Tetrahydrate + Acetamide Melt

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Micellization of Surfactants in Acetamide Melt

Micellization of Surfactants in Acetamide Melt

Electrical Conductance of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate in Calcium Nitrate Tetrahydrate + Acetamide Melts

Molten salt selection methodology for medium temperature liquid air energy storage application

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