Densification mechanism, microstructure and mechanical properties of ZrC ceramics prepared by high-pressure spark plasma sintering

Ke, Boren; Ji, Wei; Zou, Ji; Wang, Weimin; Fu, Zhengyi

doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2023.02.038

Cited by 23 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…With the decrease in sintering temperature, peak broadening and intensity decrease resulting from the refined crystal size and high residual stress could be observed. 22 According to the previous work on the nano-Al 2 O 3 , there should be no obvious grain growth from room temperature to 600 • C. 5 Therefore, the changes of peaks were mainly caused by residual stress.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Under a high pressure, plastic yielding begins at the contacting area of adjacent particles and plays a dominant role in the densification process. [4][5][6] Nano-sized zirconia and ceria ceramics prepared by Anselmi-Tamburini et al 7 at 1 GPa with the spark plasma sintering (SPS) method possessed better mechanical properties due to fine grains. Liu et al 8 fabricated fully dense alumina with ultra-high pressure sintering (UHPS) at 5.5 GPa and 900 • C and indicated that the applied pressure transmitted through adjacent grains initiated the plastic deformation of inner-grains and improved diffusion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High pressure‐assisted sintering is an effective way to obtain fully dense ceramics with suppressed grain growth and unique residual stress. Under a high pressure, plastic yielding begins at the contacting area of adjacent particles and plays a dominant role in the densification process 4–6 . Nano‐sized zirconia and ceria ceramics prepared by Anselmi‐Tamburini et al 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhanced properties of nanocrystalline alumina ceramic with compressive prestress and coherently aligned nanograins

Xu,

Zou,

Crookes

et al. 2023

J Am Ceram Soc.

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Prestress strategy is effective to inhibit crack advancement and toughen structural materials such as concrete and glass. However, it is difficult to be utilized in ceramic because of the solid‐state processing. In this work, nanocrystalline alumina ceramic with high compressive prestress and coherently aligned nanograins were successfully prepared by the ultra‐high pressure sintering technology. The as‐prepared ceramics exhibited remarkably enhanced mechanical properties, including hardness of 25.9 GPa and fracture toughness of 3.2 MPa·m1/2, which were respectively 36% and 51% higher than corresponding parameters of sapphire. Ultra‐high pressure generated compressive prestress as large as several hundred megapascal, and coherent nanograins in the dimensions of 10–15 nm, which markedly contributed to the simultaneously enhancement in toughness and hardness for ceramic materials. The prestressing strategy provides a new opportunity for fabricating advanced ceramics with high failure resistance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Enhanced properties of nanocrystalline alumina ceramic with compressive prestress and coherently aligned nanograins

Xu,

Zou,

Crookes

et al. 2023

J Am Ceram Soc.

Self Cite

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“…In recent research, Bouville et al [30] used nanoscale carbonate particles and applied high pressure in the presence of water to achieve rapid densification of carbonate materials at room temperature, obtaining strength and stiffness comparable to existing building materials within an hour. In terms of using pressure to reduce sintering temperature, Ke et al [31] achieved densification of zirconium carbide (ZrC) ceramics at lower temperatures using high pressure spark plasma sintering (HPSPS) and pointed out that plastic deformation during the HPSPS process is the primary densification mechanism, in contrast to the grain boundary control mechanism of conventional SPS. The above methods often utilize aqueous solutions as reactants or a temporary liquid phase [14], or external pressure is applied to enhance the densification driving force, sometimes with minor heating [14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid low-temperature densification of Ag₂Se bulk material: mass transfer through the dissociative adsorption reaction of Ag protrusions and Se saturated vapor

Zheng,

Yang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Nanotechnology

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In materials science, the impact of density on a material's capabilities is profound. Conventional sintering requires high temperatures and is energy-demanding, propelling the pursuit of less intensive, low-temperature densification methods. Electric field-assisted sintering has recently gained attention for its simplicity and effectiveness, offering a new frontier in low-temperature densification. In this study, dense bulk materials were produced by subjecting monophasic Ag2Se powders to electric field-assisted sintering, where a direct current with an average value of 4 A was applied, achieving a peak temperature of 344 K. The novel low-temperature densification mechanism unfolds thus: nanoscale silver protrusions, stimulated by electrical current, engage in a dissociative adsorption reaction with the ambient saturated selenium vapor. This process swiftly engenders the formation of fresh silver selenide (Ag2Se) compounds, initiating nucleation and subsequent growth. Consecutively, these compounds seamlessly occupy and expand, perpetually bridging the interstices amidst the powders. In a scant 8 seconds, the density swiftly surpassed 99%, yielding a bulk material that exhibited a ZT value of 1.07 at 390 K. This investigation not only attains an unparalleled density at low temperatures but also charts a pioneering course for material densification in such conditions.

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“…The sintered SiC samples containing a mixture of Al 2 O 3 and Y 2 O 3 powder exhibited low sinterability, whereas the sintered SiC samples containing B 4 C powder revealed uniform and dense structures (density of 99.5%) without pores. Ke et al[23] studied the microstructure and mechanical properties of ZrC ceramics densified at 1900 • C and 200 MPa. High-density bulk materials were obtained with a density of about 98%, fracture toughness of 2.7 MPa.m 1/2 , and hardness of 20.53 GPa.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Manufacturing of Novel Nanostructured TiCrC Carbides Using Mechanical Alloying and Spark Plasma Sintering

Mhadhbi¹,

Dağ

Avar

et al. 2023

Metals

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Dense nanostructured carbides existing in ternary system Ti-Cr-C were elaborated thanks to a two-steps method. In the first step, nanostructured Ti0.9Cr0.1C carbides were prepared by high-energy planetary ball milling under various times (5, 10, and 20 h), starting from an elemental powder mixture of titanium, chromium, and graphite. In the second step, these nanostructured powders were used to produce densified carbides thanks to the spark plasma sintering (SPS) process under a pressure of 80 MPa. The temperature was fixed at 1800 °C and the holding time was fixed at 5 min. Microstructural characteristics of the samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was used to investigate the morphology and elemental composition of the samples obtained using SPS. The novelty of this work is to understand the effect of SPS on the microstructural and electrochemical properties of the nanostructured Ti0.9Cr0.1C carbides. The XRD results showed that, during sintering process, the (Ti,Cr)C carbide was decomposed into TiC, Cr7C3, and Cr3C2 phases. An amount of iron was detected as contamination during milling, especially in the case of a sample obtained from 20 h milled carbide. The bulk obtained from the milled powders for 5 and 20 h present similar relative densities of 98.43 and 98.51%, respectively. However, the 5 h milled sample shows slightly higher hardness (93.3 HRA compared to 91.5 HRA) because of the more homogeneous distribution of the (Ti,Cr)C phases and the low iron amount. According to the 0.0011 mm/year corrosion rate and 371.68 kΩ.cm2 charge transfer resistance obtained from the potentiodynamic polarization and EIS tests, the 20 h carbide was the specimen with the highest corrosion resistance.

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Densification mechanism, microstructure and mechanical properties of ZrC ceramics prepared by high-pressure spark plasma sintering

Cited by 23 publications

References 43 publications

Enhanced properties of nanocrystalline alumina ceramic with compressive prestress and coherently aligned nanograins

Enhanced properties of nanocrystalline alumina ceramic with compressive prestress and coherently aligned nanograins

Rapid low-temperature densification of Ag₂Se bulk material: mass transfer through the dissociative adsorption reaction of Ag protrusions and Se saturated vapor

Manufacturing of Novel Nanostructured TiCrC Carbides Using Mechanical Alloying and Spark Plasma Sintering

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Densification mechanism, microstructure and mechanical properties of ZrC ceramics prepared by high-pressure spark plasma sintering

Cited by 23 publications

References 43 publications

Enhanced properties of nanocrystalline alumina ceramic with compressive prestress and coherently aligned nanograins

Enhanced properties of nanocrystalline alumina ceramic with compressive prestress and coherently aligned nanograins

Rapid low-temperature densification of Ag2Se bulk material: mass transfer through the dissociative adsorption reaction of Ag protrusions and Se saturated vapor

Manufacturing of Novel Nanostructured TiCrC Carbides Using Mechanical Alloying and Spark Plasma Sintering

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Rapid low-temperature densification of Ag₂Se bulk material: mass transfer through the dissociative adsorption reaction of Ag protrusions and Se saturated vapor