Densification and structural transformation during spark plasma sintering of WC-Co-YSZ-cBN systems

Langa, Thabiso; Olubambi, Peter Apata; Shabalala, T.C.; Shongwe, Mxolisi Brendon

doi:10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2017.12.027

Cited by 18 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…To overcome the electrochemical instability in WC-Co, the metallic binders can be replaced by refractory materials, such as zircon (ZrSiO 4 ), because they possess excellent thermophysical properties like low thermal conductivity, good corrosion resistance, and high chemical inertness [9][10][11]. Moreover, zircon is an abundant raw material that is cheaper than cobalt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Consolidation of WC-ZrSiO4 Hard Materials by Spark Plasma Sintering: Microstructure, Densification, and Mechanical Properties

Lee

Kim

et al. 2021

Met. Mater. Int.

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Densely consolidated WC-based hard materials with 5–20 vol% ZrSiO4 was fabricated by spark plasma sintering at 1400 ℃ at a constant heating rate of 70 ℃/min−1. To achieve mechanical alloying of WC-ZrSiO4, planetary ball milling was carried out for 12 h, during which the brittle-brittle components (WC-ZrSiO4) became fragmented and their particles became refined. It was observed that certain, specific, non-isothermal sintering kinetics, such as apparent activation energy, sintering exponents, and densification strain, affected the densification behavior. The evolution of phase structure from powder to compact was found to be related the lattice distortion and micro-strain in the basal planes of WC. By examining the mechanical properties of the samples, it was that the added zircon content leads to enhanced fracture toughness (12.9 MPa m1/2) owing to the presence of WC-ZrSiO4 in the cemented carbide. In fact, the microcrack propagation of the fracture passed through zircon from a transgranular to a ductile component (fcc) where the crack tips could be absorbed. Graphic Abstract

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Consolidation of WC-ZrSiO4 Hard Materials by Spark Plasma Sintering: Microstructure, Densification, and Mechanical Properties

Lee

Kim

et al. 2021

Met. Mater. Int.

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“…The increasing demands for advanced machining, infrastructure construction, natural resource drilling, and precise sealing, together with the increasing cost of tungsten and cobalt metals, have necessitated further improvement in the performance of cemented carbides [1]. In addition to modifying the composition and microstructure of hard alloys [2,3], surface modification is an important way to improve the performance and service life of cemented carbide components [4][5][6]. Vacuum vapor deposition is the dominant technology in this field, so far; more than 85% of cemented carbide cutting tools are coated with hard films or carbon-based films [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Low-Pressure Plasma Nitriding with Hollow Cathode Discharge on the Surface Microstructure of WC-Co Cermet

et al. 2021

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WC-Co cermet was plasma-nitrided with the assistance of a hollow cathode ion source at 400 °C under a vacuum of 3–8 Pa. Hot film chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) of a diamond coating was carried out on the nitrided specimen, without chemical etching. Scanning electronic microscopy, electron probing microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to characterize the surface microstructure of the nitride specimens and the coatings. A thin surface conversion layer with a specific structure was formed, in which the primary Co binder was transformed into Co-rich particles. The Co-rich particles consisted of a γ-Co core and a Co4N outer layer. This specific surface conversion layer significantly suppresses the out-diffusion and catalytic graphitization of Co during HFCVD. The existent phase, morphology, and density distribution of Co compounds can be tuned by varying the nitriding parameters, such as gas media, ionization ratio, bombardment energy flux, and nitriding duration.

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Tungsten Carbides

Shabalin

2022

Ultra-High Temperature Materials IV

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Densification and structural transformation during spark plasma sintering of WC-Co-YSZ-cBN systems

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Rapid Consolidation of WC-ZrSiO4 Hard Materials by Spark Plasma Sintering: Microstructure, Densification, and Mechanical Properties

Rapid Consolidation of WC-ZrSiO4 Hard Materials by Spark Plasma Sintering: Microstructure, Densification, and Mechanical Properties

Effect of Low-Pressure Plasma Nitriding with Hollow Cathode Discharge on the Surface Microstructure of WC-Co Cermet

Tungsten Carbides

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