Dense Y-doped ion conducting perovskite films of BaZrO3, BaSnO3, and BaCeO3 for SOFC applications produced by powder aerosol deposition at room temperature

Exner, Jörg; Nazarenus, Tobias; Kita, Jarosław; Moos, Ralf

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.01.164

Cited by 54 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…In a recently published work, also proton conducting thick‐films of three different barium‐based perovskites (ABO 3 structure) were produced by PAD and were examined with respect to their electrical properties as well as to their thermal annealing behavior. [ 106 ] The investigated compounds originated from the material classes of barium zirconate (BaZrO 3 ), barium stannate (BaSnO 3 ), and barium cerate (BaCeO 3 ), and all were substituted by 20 mol% yttrium to replace the metallic b ‐site cation. The results are summarized within this subsection.…”

Section: Behavior Of Pad Films During Thermal Annealingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A sintered bulk sample, produced from the identical powder, is included as a reference (⚪). [ 106 ] Arrows indicate the chronological sequence of the measurements. Adapted with permission.…”

Section: Behavior Of Pad Films During Thermal Annealingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For barium zirconate, the ceramic film with the highest annealing temperature of 1000 °C, a relaxation of the microstrain from 0.3% to below 0.1% was stated as a result of the thermal annealing, yet without any noticeable increase of the crystallite size. [ 106 ]…”

Section: Behavior Of Pad Films During Thermal Annealingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lithium-ion Conducting Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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What Happens during Thermal Post‐Treatment of Powder Aerosol Deposited Functional Ceramic Films? Explanations Based on an Experiment‐Enhanced Literature Survey

et al. 2020

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Powder aerosol deposition (PAD) is a unique ceramic spray coating method that produces dense and well‐adhering thick‐films directly at room temperature, without requiring any heating or sintering. After the successful film formation, mechanical film properties like hardness or plasma resistance are remarkably good. However, when it comes to electrical properties like permittivity or electrical conductivity, the nanocrystalline structure of PAD films combined with high internal strains deteriorates partly the characteristic properties. The electrical conductivity may already be present within the as‐deposited films. However, it is mostly lowered by several orders of magnitude. Therefore, a thermal post‐deposition annealing is oftentimes required. In this work, electrically conducting films produced by powder aerosol deposition are surveyed based on published data. Their microstructural and electrical behavior during the post‐deposition annealing treatment is summarized and reasons for the lowered electrical conductivity are identified. Additionally, the processes taking place during annealing, which eventually allow to regain bulk‐like functional properties, are examined. A universal annealing behavior is found that leads to a quantitative recommendation for the suitable film annealing temperatures to regain the electrical conductivities.

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Section: Behavior Of Pad Films During Thermal Annealingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Behavior Of Pad Films During Thermal Annealingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Behavior Of Pad Films During Thermal Annealingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lithium-ion Conducting Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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What Happens during Thermal Post‐Treatment of Powder Aerosol Deposited Functional Ceramic Films? Explanations Based on an Experiment‐Enhanced Literature Survey

et al. 2020

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“…[ 1 ] Due to the worldwide development of this process method, different names like aerosol deposition (AD), [ 2 ] vacuum kinetic spray (VKS), [ 3 ] vacuum cold spray (VCS), [ 4 ] granule spray in vacuum (GSV), or nanoparticle deposition system (NPDS) [ 5 ] are used by different research groups. The variety of suitable ceramics ranges from insulator materials like Al 2 O 3, [ 6 ] dielectric materials like BaTiO 3 and Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 , [ 7 ] solid electrolytes for proton conducting fuel cells like Ba(Zr, Sn, Ce)O 3 , [ 8–10 ] all‐solid‐state battery electrolytes like Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 , [ 11 ] sensor materials [ 12 ] and lunar regolith [ 13,14 ] for futuristic applications in space to thermoelectric films like CuFeO 2 . [ 15 ] Thermoelectric materials enable the direct emission‐free conversion of thermal to electrical energy and vice versa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser‐Annealing of Thermoelectric CuFe_0.98Sn_0.02O₂ Films Produced by Powder Aerosol Deposition Method

Nazarenus

Kita

Moos

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Inter

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of thermal to electrical energy and vice versa. The state-of-the-art material for thermoelectric generators (TEG) is bismuth telluride (Bi 2 Te 3); however, its application is limited due to its high costs and tendency to oxidize at elevated temperatures. Copper-iron-oxides are a thermally stable promising alternative due to the low costs of the raw materials, their high Seebeck coefficient, and their high electrical conductivity. The PAD method enables to form dense nanocrystalline ceramic films on a variety of substrates with high deposition rates. [16-18] In contrast to all other ceramic processing routes, even moisture-sensitive ceramics, or ceramics with high sintering temperatures can be fabricated at room temperature (RT). [11] Besides the dry ceramic powder, neither additional binders nor other liquids are needed. The ceramic particles are accelerated towards a substrate by a pressure difference. The kinetic energy of the particles is converted into bonding energy during their impact on the substrate and comes along with the reduction of the crystallite size and formation of microstrain within the atomic lattice. [19-21] Particle fracturing occurs along the grain boundaries and within the grains generating temporarily unsaturated surface bonds that cause an excellent adherence of the particles. [22] Despite all the positive aspects of the powder aerosol deposition summarized in Figure 1, a major disadvantage in the as-deposited state that all PAD films have in common is the reduced electrical conductivity of the films. A thermal annealing step is necessary to reduce the mechanical stress of the film and to restore the electrical properties so that they reach bulk values. Exner et al. recently found out that the required annealing temperature in the furnace depends on the melting point of the functional ceramic materials, though it is significantly lower than the typical sintering temperatures. [23] In contrast, laser-based annealing could provide additional advantages like a reduced annealing time or a targeted local property change as it was shown by Palneedi et al. for PZT (Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3) [24-30] and Shinonaga et al. for TiO 2. [31-33] In this study, we investigated the influence of laser irradiation on the properties of a nanocrystalline thermoelectric film. Tin doped copper-iron-oxide respectively copper delafossite (CuFe 0.98 Sn 0.02 O 2), which is known for its good thermoelectric properties and is processability by PAD, [15,34] was synthesized by the mixed-oxide-route. Films were fabricated by powder aerosol deposition method. After deposition, the films were annealed with a frequency tripled Nd:YAG laser (λ = 355 nm) and its influence on the microstructure and the electrical properties was examined by optical and electrical measurements. Powder aerosol deposition (PAD) is a unique coating method that allows the fabrication of dense ceramic films on a variety of substrates at room temperature. This spraying process can produce film thicknesses of several micrometers within minutes without the use of...

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Revealing the Deposition Mechanism of the Powder Aerosol Deposition Method Using Ceramic Oxide Core–Shell Particles

Linz,

Bühner,

Paulus

et al. 2023

Advanced Materials

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The Powder Aerosol Deposition method (PAD) is a process to manufacture ceramic films completely at room temperature. Since the first reports by Akedo in the late 1990s, much research has been conducted to reveal the exact mechanism of the deposition process. However, it is still not fully understood. We tackled this challenge using core shell particles. Two coated oxides, Al2O3 core with a SiO2 shell and LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 core with a LiNbO3 shell, were investigated. Initially, the element ratios Al:Si and Ni:Nb of the powder were determined by EDX. In a second step, the change in the element ratios of Al:Si and Ni:Nb after deposition were investigated. The element ratios from powder to film strongly shift towards the shell‐elements, indicating that the particles fracture and only the outer parts of the particles are deposited. In the last step, we investigated cross‐sections of the deposited films with STEM combined with EDX and an EsB detector to unveil the element distribution within the film itself. Therefore, the following overall picture emerges: particles impact on the substrate or on previously deposited particle, fracture, and only a small part of the impacting particles that originate from the outer part of the impacting particle gets deposited.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Dense Y-doped ion conducting perovskite films of BaZrO3, BaSnO3, and BaCeO3 for SOFC applications produced by powder aerosol deposition at room temperature

Cited by 54 publications

References 87 publications

What Happens during Thermal Post‐Treatment of Powder Aerosol Deposited Functional Ceramic Films? Explanations Based on an Experiment‐Enhanced Literature Survey

What Happens during Thermal Post‐Treatment of Powder Aerosol Deposited Functional Ceramic Films? Explanations Based on an Experiment‐Enhanced Literature Survey

Laser‐Annealing of Thermoelectric CuFe_0.98Sn_0.02O₂ Films Produced by Powder Aerosol Deposition Method

Revealing the Deposition Mechanism of the Powder Aerosol Deposition Method Using Ceramic Oxide Core–Shell Particles

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Dense Y-doped ion conducting perovskite films of BaZrO3, BaSnO3, and BaCeO3 for SOFC applications produced by powder aerosol deposition at room temperature

Cited by 54 publications

References 87 publications

What Happens during Thermal Post‐Treatment of Powder Aerosol Deposited Functional Ceramic Films? Explanations Based on an Experiment‐Enhanced Literature Survey

What Happens during Thermal Post‐Treatment of Powder Aerosol Deposited Functional Ceramic Films? Explanations Based on an Experiment‐Enhanced Literature Survey

Laser‐Annealing of Thermoelectric CuFe0.98Sn0.02O2 Films Produced by Powder Aerosol Deposition Method

Revealing the Deposition Mechanism of the Powder Aerosol Deposition Method Using Ceramic Oxide Core–Shell Particles

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Laser‐Annealing of Thermoelectric CuFe_0.98Sn_0.02O₂ Films Produced by Powder Aerosol Deposition Method