Dense aggregations of a hexactinellid sponge, Pheronema carpenteri, in the Porcupine Seabight (northeast Atlantic Ocean), and possible causes

Rice, A.L.; Thurston, Michael H.; New, Adrian L.

doi:10.1016/0079-6611(90)90029-2

Cited by 149 publications

(156 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Additionally, Le Cann (1989, 1990) found evidence for strong diurnal tides on the eastern slope of the Porcupine Seabight with maximum instantaneous current speeds of 54 cm/s in a northerly direction. Rice et al (1990) indicated that the seabed slope in this area is also close to the characteristic slope of the M2 internal tide, and hence that local enhancement of bottom currents, associated with increased turbulence in the water column, is likely. also mentioned the role of the interface between the ENAW and MOW, possibly contributing to this effect.…”

Section: Different Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The seabed appearance of different coral bank provinces in the Porcupine Seabight, NE Atlantic: results from sidescan sonar and ROV seabed mapping

Huvenne¹,

Beyer

Haas

et al. 2005

Cold-Water Corals and Ecosystems

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Abstract. Carbonate mounds, identified as deep-water coral banks, have been reported recently from three provinces in the Porcupine Seabight, SW of Ireland. As yet, the mechanisms behind their formation and development are only partly understood. This contribution discusses their seabed appearance and present-day sedimentary environment, based on a large-scale TOB I sidescan sonar mapping carried out in 2002, and on detailed ROV video records from specific sites within the three mound provinces, collected in 2001. The study of the presentday characteristics and variability of these mounds can help to understand their development history in the past.The imagery clearly shows that the sedimentary environment in the Magellan and Hovland Mound provinces in the northern Porcupine Seabight is much quieter than in the current-swept Belgica Mound province on the eastern flank of the basin. In the latter area, for example, gravel lags and coarse sediments are found, together with patches of sorted sands, striations, barchan dunes and sediment waves. The difference in environment results in different mound appearances. The richest coral communities with the most abundant live coral occurrences are found in the Belgica province, while for example on the Magellan Mounds only a few live coral colonies are left. The present-day situation of the coral banks in the Porcupine Seabight thus illustrates the influence of the interplay between current and sediment dynamics on coral growth and mound development.

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Section: Different Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of these tidal signals, for example on the eastern flank of the Seabight, appear to be caused by internal tides (Pingree and Le Cann 1989). Rice et al (1990) mapped the zones where semi-diurnal internal tides could be created or enhanced, and part of these coincide with the Belgica Mound province.…”

Section: Hydrographymentioning

confidence: 99%

The seabed appearance of different coral bank provinces in the Porcupine Seabight, NE Atlantic: results from sidescan sonar and ROV seabed mapping

Huvenne¹,

Beyer

Haas

et al. 2005

Cold-Water Corals and Ecosystems

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“…In addition, many other examples of biogenic habitat occur in the deep sea. Habitats formed of large sponges and their spicules occur in many high-latitude areas (Rice et al, 1990;Gutt and Starmans, 1998;Klitgaard and Tendal, 2004;Hasemann and Soltwedel, 2011). Seabed fluid flow can often support large complex habitats comprised of clams, mussels and tube worms (Van Dover, 2000;Cordes et al, 2010a, b).…”

Section: A R Thurber Et Al: Ecosystem Function and Services Providmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecosystem function and services provided by the deep sea

et al. 2014

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Abstract. The deep sea is often viewed as a vast, dark, remote, and inhospitable environment, yet the deep ocean and seafloor are crucial to our lives through the services that they provide. Our understanding of how the deep sea functions remains limited, but when treated synoptically, a diversity of supporting, provisioning, regulating and cultural services becomes apparent. The biological pump transports carbon from the atmosphere into deep-ocean water masses that are separated over prolonged periods, reducing the impact of anthropogenic carbon release. Microbial oxidation of methane keeps another potent greenhouse gas out of the atmosphere while trapping carbon in authigenic carbonates. Nutrient regeneration by all faunal size classes provides the elements necessary for fueling surface productivity and fisheries, and microbial processes detoxify a diversity of compounds. Each of these processes occur on a very small scale, yet considering the vast area over which they occur they become important for the global functioning of the ocean. The deep sea also provides a wealth of resources, including fish stocks, enormous bioprospecting potential, and elements and energy reserves that are currently being extracted and will be increasingly important in the near future. Society benefits from the intrigue and mystery, the strange life forms, and the great unknown that has acted as a muse for inspiration and imagination since near the beginning of civilization. While many functions occur on the scale of microns to meters and timescales up to years, the derived services that result are only useful after centuries of integrated activity. This vast dark habitat, which covers the majority of the globe, harbors processes that directly impact humans in a variety of ways; however, the same traits that differentiate it from terrestrial or shallow marine systems also result in a greater need for integrated spatial and temporal understanding as it experiences increased use by society. In this manuscript we aim to provide a foundation for informed conservation and management of the deep sea by summarizing the important role of the deep sea in society.

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“…In contrast, hexactinellid sponges, of which rare spicules also occur in the studied turbiditic material, are commonly found in deep ocean and cold-water habitats (e.g., Rice et al 1990, Lévi 1991; however, they are also present in shallow and warm environments (e.g., Gammon et al 2000) but usually under special conditions (e.g., Whitney et al 2005). It should be stressed that the main controlling factor in the distribution of lithistid versus hexactinellid sponges in geological records and present-day communities is not bathymetry but the predominant type of food availability and sedimentation rate (Pisera et al 1992, Pisera 1997, Krautter 1997, Duarte et al 2001.…”

Section: Depth Of Sponge Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sponge growth on the Cenomanian carbonate shelves of the Carpathian Basin: a record from spicule-rich turbidites

Bąk¹,

Górny²,

Bąk³

2015

Bull. Geosci.

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The composition and features of numerous bioclasts found in the sandy/silty fraction of turbidite layers in the Middle-Upper Cenomanian deep-water sediments of the Silesian Nappe in the Outer Carpathians, dominated by sponge spicules, suggest that they originated from the growth and destruction of sponge assemblages formed on shelves of the northern margin of the Silesian Basin. The morphological types of spicules, by comparison with fossil and living species, lead to their attribution predominantly to three orders: Lithistida, Hadromerida and Astrophorida. Sponges lived in association with other benthic fauna such as calcareous benthic foraminifers and echinoids. Many sponge spicules were calcified in their primary environment before their redeposition by turbiditic flows. Favourable conditions for development of sponge assemblages occurred during the Cenomanian transgressions, being related to balanced delivery of sediment particles trapped by sponges and waters enriched with nutrients. The amount of nutrients absorbed by sponges is related to the dissolved silica content that originated from two sources: 1) terrestrial chemical weathering on the low-gradient plains of the shelves and 2) opal grains, such as siliceous plankton, suspended in the water column during bloom periods forced by seasonal upwelling. •

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Dense aggregations of a hexactinellid sponge, Pheronema carpenteri, in the Porcupine Seabight (northeast Atlantic Ocean), and possible causes

Cited by 149 publications

References 16 publications

The seabed appearance of different coral bank provinces in the Porcupine Seabight, NE Atlantic: results from sidescan sonar and ROV seabed mapping

The seabed appearance of different coral bank provinces in the Porcupine Seabight, NE Atlantic: results from sidescan sonar and ROV seabed mapping

Ecosystem function and services provided by the deep sea

Sponge growth on the Cenomanian carbonate shelves of the Carpathian Basin: a record from spicule-rich turbidites

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