Denitrification during the growing season as influenced by long-term application of composted versus fresh feedlot manure

MillerJ., J.; BeasleyB., W.; DruryC., F.; ZebarthB., J.

doi:10.4141/cjss2011-107

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…4). These findings are comparable to those of Miller et al (2012) who measured peak daily DDRs under barley earlier rather than later in the growing season in response to late fall applications of fresh and composted beef cattle manure over a 4-year period.…”

Section: Seasonality Of Daily Denitrification Ratessupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Hotspots identified by the approach of Pennock et al (1992), namely observations >median + 1.5 × IQR, equivalent to >83.3 g N ha −1 day −1 are provided in Table 7. These percentages are higher and more variable across treatments and years when compared with those obtained by Miller et al (2012), who used similar methods to obtain estimates of denitrification from soils receiving cattle manure. Using the hotspot criterion of van Kessel et al (1993), namely >median + 3 × IQR, (equivalent to >166.1 g N ha −1 day −1 ), reduces the number of hotspot observations considerably.…”

Section: Hotspots Observationsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Our discussion of the denitrification results will be restricted to treatment effects, temporal patterns, and relationships with soil parameters rather than an overall mass balance of N lost by denitrification. Other studies have similarly used AIT in this manner (Paul and Zebarth 1997b;Lowrance et al 1998;Marshall et al 1999;Sullivan et al 2005;Drury et al 2008;Mkhabela et al 2008;Miller et al 2012). Acrylic sleeves measuring 10 cm in length by 6.0 cm inside diameter and perforated with 2.0 mm holes, 1.0 cm apart to facilitate gas exchange (Burton and Beauchamp 1984) were inserted into a soil corer fitted with a drop hammer to facilitate penetration into the soil.…”

Section: Denitrification and Soil Respirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of land management practices and environmental parameters on growing season denitrification rates under dairy crop rotations in Atlantic Canada

et al. 2016

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Denitrification losses from agricultural land have been identified as a significant nitrogen (N) loss pathway that contributes to poor utilization of applied N. Higher losses have been reported when inorganic fertilizer N is substituted with an organic N source such as livestock manure. This research examines the relationships between denitrification rates, land management practices and soil processes when using spring applied liquid dairy manure (LDM) as principal N source. Mean daily denitrification rates (DDRs) in a perennial hayfield (PH) rotation and a corn-soybean-wheat (CSW) rotation with or without tillage (T and NT respectively) ranged between 0.9 and 27.0 g N ha −1 day −1 . Mean, seasonal DDRs in the PH rotation were significantly lower in three out of six seasons when compared with the CSW-T and (or) CSW-NT rotation. When averaged across the six season study period, the mean DDR in PH of 4.4 g N ha −1 day −1 was also significantly lower than CSW-T and NT (7.6 and 8.1 g N ha −1 day −1 , respectively). There were no significant effects of tillage in the CSW rotations in any of the six growing seasons. When treatment and growing season data were combined, a positive relationship between water-filled pore space (WFPS) and DDR indicated a threshold of approximately 40% WFPS for onset of significant denitrification. Similarly, the relationship between soil nitrate levels and denitrification rates in the population data set demonstrated that NO 3 − began to limit DDR below 2-5 mg N kg −1 . This 6-year study of denitrification losses suggests a primary effect of WFPS, a secondary effect of O 2 consumption as reflected by soil respiration, and nitrate limiting only at relatively low concentrations. Environmental variables were more consistent drivers of denitrification in three manure-fed crop rotations typical of Atlantic Canada dairy operations than were land management decisions and practices.Key words: denitrification, crop rotations, nitrate leaching, liquid dairy manure, tillage practices, water-filled pore space, soil respiration.Résumé : La dénitrification est un phénomène qui déclenche une perte importante d'azote (N) et concourt à une piètre utilisation de cet élément. La recherche s'est attardée aux liens existant entre le taux de dénitrification, les techniques agronomiques et les mécanismes du sol quand on utilise du lisier de bovins laitiers comme source d'engrais N. Le taux de dénitrification quotidien (TDQ) moyen dans un assolement de foin vivace (FV) et un assolement maïs-soja-blé (MSB) avec (T) ou sans travail du sol (NT) varie de 0,9 à 27,0 g de N par hectare et par jour. Le TDQ moyen du FV était significativement plus faible que celui de l'assolement MSB trois saisons sur six. Quand on calcule la moyenne des six années, le TDQ moyen du FV (4,4 g de N par hectare et par jour) est aussi sensiblement plus faible que celui de l'assolement MSB-T et NT (7,6 et 8,1 g de N par hectare et par jour, respectivement). Les résultats

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Section: Seasonality Of Daily Denitrification Ratessupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Hotspots Observationsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Denitrification and Soil Respirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of land management practices and environmental parameters on growing season denitrification rates under dairy crop rotations in Atlantic Canada

et al. 2016

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“…Manure application at high rates and/or frequency can result in nutrient accumulation in soils, contamination of surface and ground water, and increased GHG emissions (Stumborg and Schoenau 2008;Ashjaei et al 2010;Miller et al 2010Miller et al , 2011Miller et al , 2012. Appropriate management practices such as those described by Shoenau and Davis (2007) and others can effectively mitigate the potential for nutrient loss and environmental contamination.…”

Section: Animal Manure and Compostmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Redesigning Canadian prairie cropping systems for profitability, sustainability, and resilience

2015

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Thiessen Martens, J. R., Entz, M. H. and Wonneck, M. D. 2015. Review: Redesigning Canadian prairie cropping systems for profitability, sustainability, and resilience. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 1049Á1072. Redesign of agricultural systems according to ecological principles has been proposed for the development of sustainable systems. We review a wide variety of ecologically based crop production practices, including crop varieties and genetic diversity, crop selection and rotation, cover crops, annual polyculture, perennial forages, perennial grains, agroforestry systems, reducing tillage, use of animal manures and green manures, soil biological fertility, organic production systems, integrated cropÁlivestock systems, and purposeful design of farm landscapes (farmscaping), and discuss their potential role in enhancing the profitability, environmental sustainability, and resilience of Canadian prairie cropping systems. Farming systems that most closely mimic natural systems through appropriate integration of diverse components, within a context of supportive social and economic structures, appear to offer the greatest potential benefits, while creating a framework in which to place all other farming practices. Our understanding of ecological relationships within agricultural systems is currently lacking, and a major shift in research, education, and policy will be required to purposefully and proactively redesign Canadian prairie agricultural systems for long-term sustainability.

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“…(1 treatments in our study after 11 yr was about 16% (Miller et al 2012), and therefore may have contributed to Cu-deficiency. Benke et al (2013) also reported greater K:(Ca'Mg) ratios and increased risk of grass tetany for amended barley (2.9Á3.8) than unamended or fertilized barley (1.6), but feedlot manure was applied to their experiment for much longer (30 yr) than ours.…”

Section: ------------------------------------------------------------mentioning

confidence: 57%

Influence of long-term manure application on mineral composition of irrigated barley silage

et al. 2015

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X. 2015. Influence of long-term manure application on mineral composition of irrigated barley silage. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 759Á770. The long-term effect of land application of manure type (composted vs. stockpiled manure), bedding type (wood-chips vs. straw), and application rate on feed quality of barley silage as feed for beef cattle is unknown. We measured selected minerals [P, Ca, Ca:P ratio, Mg, K, K:(Ca'Mg) ratio, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn (1 dry wt.). The treatments also included an unamended control and inorganic fertilizer treatment. Manure type generally had inconsistent or no significant (P50.05) effect on the concentrations of these minerals in barley silage. Most crop minerals were generally greater under ST than WD. The findings for P, K, Na, and K:(Ca'Mg) ratio generally supported our hypothesis of greater crop concentrations with greater application rate, but Ca and Mg decreased at higher rates. Overall, our findings suggest that bedding and application rate have more potential than manure type for managing the feed quality of barley silage.

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Denitrification during the growing season as influenced by long-term application of composted versus fresh feedlot manure

Cited by 18 publications

References 69 publications

Effect of land management practices and environmental parameters on growing season denitrification rates under dairy crop rotations in Atlantic Canada

Effect of land management practices and environmental parameters on growing season denitrification rates under dairy crop rotations in Atlantic Canada

Review: Redesigning Canadian prairie cropping systems for profitability, sustainability, and resilience

Influence of long-term manure application on mineral composition of irrigated barley silage

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