Denitrification coupleD to nitrification in the rhizosphere of rice

Arth, Inko; Frenzel, Peter; Conrad, Ralf

doi:10.1016/s0038-0717(97)00143-0

Cited by 128 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The plasma membrane localization allows AtNRT1.1 and OsNRT11.B to sense the extracellular N status, whereas the tonoplast localization allows OsNRT1.1A to sense the intracellular N status. Rice is traditionally planted in waterlogged fields where ammonium is the major N source; however, up to 40% of total N taken up by rice is absorbed as nitrate because of nitrification in the rhizosphere (Arth et al, 1998;Li et al, 2008;Xu et al, 2012). Thereby, rice has evolved with the ability to utilize both ammonium and nitrate at high rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in contrast to OsNRT1.1B, which is strongly induced by nitrate, OsNRT1.1A displays an ammonium-induced expression pattern ( Figure 1B). The ammonium-induced expression of OsNRT1.1A suggested that it is probably involved in ammonium utilization, which is particular important for rice, as ammonium is not only the major N form in the paddy field but also the preferred N source for rice (Arth et al, 1998;Liu et al, 2015). OsNRT1.1A shows a very similar tissue expression pattern to OsNRT1.1B, as seen by OsNRT1.1A promoter :GUS transgenic plants with preferential expression in the epidermis and in the vascular tissues of roots, except that OsNRT1.1A is also highly expressed in the parenchyma cells of both culms and leaf sheaths (Figure 2).…”

Section: Osnrt1mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expression of the Nitrate Transporter Gene OsNRT1.1A/OsNPF6.3 Confers High Yield and Early Maturation in Rice

et al. 2018

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Nitrogen (N) is a major driving force for crop yield improvement, but application of high levels of N delays flowering, prolonging maturation and thus increasing the risk of yield losses. Therefore, traits that enable utilization of high levels of N without delaying maturation will be highly desirable for crop breeding. Here, we show that OsNRT1.1A (OsNPF6.3), a member of the rice (Oryza sativa) nitrate transporter 1/peptide transporter family, is involved in regulating N utilization and flowering, providing a target to produce high yield and early maturation simultaneously. OsNRT.1A has functionally diverged from previously reported NRT1.1 genes in plants and functions in upregulating the expression of N utilization-related genes not only for nitrate but also for ammonium, as well as flowering-related genes. Relative to the wild type, osnrt1.1a mutants exhibited reduced N utilization and late flowering. By contrast, overexpression of OsNRT1.1A in rice greatly improved N utilization and grain yield, and maturation time was also significantly shortened. These effects were further confirmed in different rice backgrounds and also in Arabidopsis thaliana. Our study paves a path for the use of a single gene to dramatically increase yield and shorten maturation time for crops, outcomes that promise to substantially increase world food security.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Osnrt1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of the Nitrate Transporter Gene OsNRT1.1A/OsNPF6.3 Confers High Yield and Early Maturation in Rice

et al. 2018

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“…The loss of N by coupled nitrifi cation-denitrifi cation is usually limited by the formation of NO 3 − , and the supply of NO 3 − can consequently control the size and activity of denitrifi ers. The rhizosphere of rice, in addition to the aerobic surface soil layer, is a potentially important site for coupled nitrifi cation-denitrifi cation (Arth et al, 1998;Arth and Frenzel, 2000). The loss of ammonium N through coupled nitrifi cation-denitrifi cation cannot occur in the absence of an aerobic zone.…”

Section: Nitrifi Cation-denitrifi Cationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Transformations in Submerged Soils

Buresh

Reddy

Kessel

2015

Agronomy Monographs

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Soils with continuous or intermitt ent submergence by water are widely distributed worldwide. They occur in a range of ecosystems including rice (Oryza sativa L.) fi elds, wetlands, estuaries, and fl oodplains. Such ecosystems oft en occur at low elevation in the landscape and are poorly drained with high retention of water. In addition, some upland areas with poor drainage can undergo periodic submergence and soil saturation. Moreover, the sediments in ocean, lake, and stream bottoms have similar biogeochemical and physical characteristics and N transformations as submerged agricultural soils.Rice fi elds surrounded by earthen levees to retain rain and irrigation water and ensure soil submergence are one of the world's major agricultural ecosystems. Rice is a staple food for nearly half the world's population, and about 95% of the global rice production occurs on fi elds with soil submerged during at least part of the rice-cropping period. The sustained productivity of this rice ecosystem, which ensures production of suffi cient food for a growing world population, relies heavily on the input and management of N.Nitrogen transformations in submerged soils are markedly diff erent from those in drained, aerated soils. These diff erences aff ect the prevalent soil microorganisms and microbial activities and the turnover, availabilility, and losses of N. To deal with the diff erences in N transformations between submerged and drained soils it is necessary to understand the biogeochemical conditions existing in submerged soils. This chapter is an update of an earlier review by Patrick (1982).

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“…Emissions of N 2 O are linked to nitrification through direct release of N 2 O by nitrifying bacteria during oxidation of NH 4 + (Kool et al, 2011) and under microaeophilic conditions where reduction of generated NO 2 -to N 2 O occurs via the nitrifier-denitrification process (Wrage et al, 2001;Kool et al, 2010Kool et al, , 2011. Nitrification can also be an indirect source of N 2 O because NO 3 -is used as a terminal electron acceptor in denitrification under anaerobic conditions, referred to as nitrification-coupled denitrification (Nielsen et al, 1996;Arth et al, 1998). Nitrate can further determine N 2 O emissions because an increased supply of terminal electron acceptor increases the N 2 O/N 2 ratio of reduced N products in denitrification (Firestone, 1982;Cho et al, 1997).…”

Section: Importance Of Early Growing Season Nitrogen Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Clay Soil Receiving Granular Urea Formulations and Dairy Manure

et al. 2014

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Soil N2O emissions vary with N source. A study was undertaken on a clay soil in the Red River Valley, Manitoba, Canada, to determine the effect of granular N fertilizers and dairy manure on N2O emissions from a field cropped to rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) in 2009 and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in 2010. Treatments included an unamended control, granular urea, controlled‐release urea (ESN), stabilized urea (SuperU), and solid dairy manure added at rates to achieve a total of 140 kg available N ha−1 (product plus soil N test). The N fertilizers were broadcast and shallowly incorporated each spring before planting; the manure was broadcast incorporated the previous fall. Nitrous oxide emissions were monitored from planting to freeze in fall and during spring thaw in 2011 using static‐vented chambers. In both years, N2O emissions occurred within 4 to 5 wk of planting but not in fall after manure application. Area‐scale cumulative N2O emissions (∑N2O, kg N ha−1) from planting to freeze were control < ESN = manure < urea = SuperU. Nitrous oxide emission factors were 0.017 kg N2O‐N kg−1 available N added for urea and SuperU and 0.007 kg N2O‐N kg−1 available N for ESN. Seventy‐eight percent of the variation in ∑N2O could be explained by NO3− intensity, an integration of soil NO3− concentrations during the study periods. Greater ∑N2O were also associated with higher yields. These findings suggest that N release rates, as indicated by NO3− intensity and yield, determined N2O emissions. The results highlight the challenge of meeting crop demand yet reducing N2O emissions by selection of an N source.

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Denitrification coupleD to nitrification in the rhizosphere of rice

Cited by 128 publications

References 37 publications

Expression of the Nitrate Transporter Gene OsNRT1.1A/OsNPF6.3 Confers High Yield and Early Maturation in Rice

Expression of the Nitrate Transporter Gene OsNRT1.1A/OsNPF6.3 Confers High Yield and Early Maturation in Rice

Nitrogen Transformations in Submerged Soils

Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Clay Soil Receiving Granular Urea Formulations and Dairy Manure

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