Dengue virus serotype distribution based on serological evidence in pediatric urban population in Indonesia

Abstract

BackgroundDengue is a febrile illness transmitted by mosquitoes, causing disease across the tropical and sub-tropical world. Antibody prevalence data and serotype distributions describe population-level risk and inform public health decision-making.Methodology/Principal findingsIn this cross-sectional study we used data from a pediatric dengue seroprevalence study to describe historical dengue serotype circulation, according to age and geographic location. A sub-sample of 780 dengue IgG-positive sera, collected from 30 sites across urban Indonesia in 2014, were tested by the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) to measure the prevalence and concentration of serotype-specific neutralizing antibodies according to subject age and geography. PRNT results were obtained from 776 subjects with mean age of 9.6 years. 765 (98.6%) neutralized one or more dengue serotype at a threshold of >10 (1/dil). Multitypic profiles were observed in 50.9% of the samples; a proportion which increased to 63.1% in subjects aged 15–18 years. Amongst monotypic samples, the highest proportion was reactive against DENV-2, followed by DENV-1, and DENV-3, with some variation across the country. DENV-4 was the least common serotype. The highest anti-dengue antibody titers were recorded against DENV-2, and increased with age to a geometric mean of 516.5 [1/dil] in the oldest age group.Conclusions/SignificanceWe found that all four dengue serotypes have been widely circulating in most of urban Indonesia, and more than half of children had already been exposed to >1 dengue serotype, demonstrating intense transmission often associated with more severe clinical episodes. These data will help inform policymakers and highlight the importance of dengue surveillance, prevention and control.

A clinical and epidemiological survey of the largest dengue outbreak in Southern Taiwan in 2015

“…This dominance of adult dengue infection is distinct from that of child dengue in several hyperendemic areas. Several dengue endemic countries (such as the Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia) have reported DF prevalence to be predominant in children aged <15 years (Agrupis et al, 2019;Anderson et al, 2007;Sasmono et al, 2018). In recent years, some countries such as Cuba, Puerto Rico, Singapore, and Bangladesh have reported cases of adult DHF, but older adults have only accounted for a small number of DHF cases in these countries (Lee et al, 2008;Lin et al, 2017).…”

Whole genome sequencing and genetic variations in several dengue virus type 1 strains from unusual dengue epidemic of 2017 in Vietnam

“…The stereotype distribution in the dengue outbreak in 2011 was only DENV1 (11,3%), DENV2 (88,7%) [34], and in the outbreak of 2008, the distribution rates for DENV1 and DENV2 were 32 and 30%, respectively [35]. Recent studies have shown that all four stereotypes were present in dengue outbreaks [5,16,36,37]. The distribution of Fig.…”

Risk Factors of Dengue Fever Outbreak in Karo District, North Sumatera, Indonesia

“…It indicated that children have less protective immunity system compared to adult possessing immunity of circulating serotypes. 5,12,13 The ratio of male to female suffering from DF was 1,3:1. The result was in line with some previous studies in Semarang (Indonesia), Malaysia, Cambodia, India, and Taiwan reporting that number of males suffering from DF was generally higher than females.…”

“…1,2,4 Symptoms of infection usually is commenced in the day 4 -10 days after the mosquito bite and last for 2 -7 days. 1, 5,6 Infection with one dengue serotype provide lifelong immunity against that particular serotype, but there is no crossprotective immunity to other serotype. 1,7 In Indonesia, DF is an emerging vector-borne disease of high public health significance.…”