Dengue Virus Induces Novel Changes in Gene Expression of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

Abstract

Our work establishes that the discrete [Mn 3 CaO 4 ] core is synthetically accessible with the use of a trinucleating ligand architecture and a bioinspired protocol. We expect our studies to provide a better understanding of the PSII mechanism and complex cluster assembly, as well as to aid in the design of better catalysts for water splitting. The prevailing view of CO oxidation on gold-titanium oxide (Au/TiO 2 ) catalysts is that the reaction occurs on metal sites at the Au/TiO 2 interface. We observed dual catalytic sites at the perimeter of 3-nanometer Au particles supported on TiO 2 during CO oxidation. Infrared-kinetic measurements indicate that O-O bond scission is activated by the formation of a CO-O 2 complex at dual Ti-Au sites at the Au/TiO 2 interface. Density functional theory calculations, which provide the activation barriers for the formation and bond scission of the CO-O 2 complex, confirm this model as well as the measured apparent activation energy of 0.16 electron volt. The observation of sequential delivery and reaction of CO first from TiO 2 sites and then from Au sites indicates that catalytic activity occurs at the perimeter of Au nanoparticles.

IFN-inducible GTPases and immunity to intracellular pathogens

“…Both the CID and LZ domains are also necessary to recognize viral target structures [19]. Human MxA and MxB are expressed in peripheral blood monocytes, plasmacytoid (natural IFN-a/b producers [7]) and myeloid DCs, oligodendrocytes, hepatocytes and endothelium [71][72][73][74][75]. They are similarly upregulated during chronic hepatitis C infection as well as viral encephalitis [76,77].…”

Phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) in villous trophoblast of the human placenta

“…The purpose of this increase from early to late pregnancy is unknown. So far, PLSCR1 has only been studied in human umbilical vein endothelial cells where it was induced by interferon and contributed to cytokine-regulated cell proliferation and differentiation (Warke et al 2003).…”

Antibody response to dengue virus

“…Wang et al demonstrated that plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) constitutively express TLR7 and elicit responses through interferon (IFN) regulatory factor IRF7, leading to IFN-a/b production in response to DENV [17]. In contrast, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and U937 cells infected with DENV produce interleukin (IL)-8 and IFN-a/b after viral recognition through TLR3 [18].Cytoplasmic molecules, such as retinoic acid-inducible gene 1 (RIG-1) and melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) have been shown to play an important role in sensing different flaviviruses, including DENV, as demonstrated by Bustos et al [15].…”