Dengue E protein detection using graphene oxide integrated tapered optical fiber sensor

Abstract

We report the use of a biofunctionalized tapered optical fiber based sensor with the integration of graphene oxide (GO) for the detection of Dengue virus (DENV) II E proteins. The tapered region was deposited with GO and functionalized with anti-DENV II E protein IgG antibodies to be tested with different concentrations of DENV II E proteins. The sensor obtained a detection limit of 1 pM with a sensitivity value of 12.77 nm/nM, which was better compared to previously reported studies. The sensor also showed high precision, great selectivity, and high affinity toward E protein with a dissociation constant of Kd = 1.11 × 10-9 M-1. The proposed sensor has undoubtedly exhibited the immense potential of nanomaterial integration for future advancements of dengue diagnostics.

Advances on Photonic Crystal Fiber Sensors and Applications

“…In particular, handling with high control the dispersion and waveguiding properties of the microstructured core and inner cladding regions allow the maximization of evanescent field based sensing and the integration of the interferometric geometry. Further applications will be possible in the next future thank to the recent advances on glasses/optical fibers operating in MiD-IR [50,51,52] where several biomolecules and polluting contaminants exhibit their spectral fingerprint and the development of novel PCF sensors and lasers are expected with the aim to extend the operation wavelength range of devices for biomedicine application [14,22,39,53].…”

“…Therefore, the use of graphene oxide (GO) instead of graphene is considered a good trade-off between properties of graphene characteristics and the synthesis cost/difficulty. A wide range of GO chemical sensors, biosensors and gas sensors have been proposed [34,35,36,37,38,39]. In [38] a GO coated photonic crystal fiber (PCF) has been fabricated to obtain a modal Mach-Zehnder interferometer for strain and temperature sensing.…”

“…Moreover, graphene can be employed to bio-functionalize suitable PCFs, e.g., for the detection of Dengue virus (DENV) IIE proteins [39]. Other materials employed for PCF coating are similarly promising.…”

“…In other cases, innovative materials as graphene, polyvinyl alcohol, ferrofluid liquids, combined with the exploitation of conventional principles as the interferometry or the evanescent field interaction are simultaneously applied to obtain novel and promising devices. A few of these last cases, coated PCF sensors [33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47], are briefly recalled in Section 5 of the paper. It is worthwhile to underline that the attempt to divide the state of the art of the sensors into well-defined sections is not trivial since these devices very often exploit a combination of operation principles.…”

Quantitative and Selective Surface Plasmon Resonance Response Based on a Reduced Graphene Oxide–Polyamidoamine Nanocomposite for Detection of Dengue Virus E-Proteins

“…Recently, two well-known optical sensors have been used to identify and quantify the dengue virus, i.e., the tapered optical fiber (TOF) and the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors. A study using TOF revealed the successful detection of dengue virus (DENV) at 1 pM within 15 min [15]. However, this sensor requires precise alignment, high cleanliness and maintenance, and very careful handling, since the fibers can break easily [16,17].…”