Dendrochronology and middle Miocene petrified oak: Modern counterparts and interpretation

Wright, William E.; Baisan, Christopher H.; Streck, Martin J.; Wright, Wendell W.; Szejner, Paul

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.12.023

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Similar to other small rhyolite occurrences further west, the Swamp Creek rhyolite and the Dome E of South Fork are comprised of a small outcrop area not larger than a few km 2 , but this is unlikely their original extent given the coverage by younger regional ignimbrites and mafic lava flows. [54] and new ages of this study, Hess [69], and Wright et al [68] for age of basalt overlying rhyolites. R is rhyolite units, Ba is basaltic units, and DCT is regional Devine Canyon Tuff.…”

Section: Unity Area Rhyolites (3 In Figurementioning

confidence: 53%

“…The slight differences observed in FeO*, TiO 2 , Ba, Sr, Zr, Nb, and LREE are used to differentiate eruptive units. The rhyolites of the Buchanan complex are overlain by the commingled Fe-rich dacite-rhyolite tuff of Buchanan (15.171 ± 0.013 Ma), by a capping basalt that was dated at 13.79 ± 0.09 Ma [68], and by the widespread 9.7 Ma Devine Canyon Tuff [39] along the southeastern periphery of the complex. Newly obtained Ar/Ar ages indicate the basal rhyolite unit (R1 of [54]) erupted at 16.13 ± 0.11 Ma [69], then the middle unit (R4) at 15.803 ± 0.014 Ma, followed by the top rhyolite unit (R8) shortly after at 15.62 ± 0.31 Ma (Table 1 and Figure 7).…”

Section: Unity Area Rhyolites (3 In Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Columbia River Rhyolites: Age-Distribution Patterns and Their Implications for Arrival, Location, and Dispersion of Continental Flood Basalt Magmas in the Crust

et al. 2023

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Columbia River province magmatism is now known to include abundant and widespread rhyolite centers even though the view that the earliest rhyolites erupted from the McDermitt Caldera and other nearby volcanic fields along the Oregon–Nevada state border has persisted. Our study covers little-studied or unknown rhyolite occurrences in eastern Oregon that show a much wider distribution of older centers. With our new data on distribution of rhyolite centers and ages along with literature data, we consider rhyolites spanning from 17.5 to 14.5 Ma of eastern Oregon, northern Nevada, and western Idaho to be a direct response to flood basalts of the Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) and collectively categorize them as Columbia River rhyolites. The age distribution patterns of Columbia River rhyolites have implications for the arrival, location, and dispersion of flood basalt magmas in the crust. We consider the period from 17.5 to 16.4 Ma to be the waxing phase of rhyolite activity and the period from 15.3 to 14.5 Ma to be the waning phase. The largest number of centers was active between 16.3–15.4 Ma. The existence of crustal CRBG magma reservoirs beneath rhyolites seems inevitable, and hence, rhyolites suggest the following. The locations of centers of the waxing phase imply the arrival of CRBG magmas across the distribution area of rhyolites and are thought to correspond to the thermal pulses of arriving Picture Gorge Basalt and Picture-Gorge-Basalt-like magmas of the Imnaha Basalt in the north and to those of Steens Basalt magmas in the south. The earlier main rhyolite activity phase corresponds with Grande Ronde Basalt and evolved Picture Gorge Basalt and Steens Basalt. The later main phase rhyolite activity slightly postdated these basalts but is contemporaneous with icelanditic magmas that evolved from flood basalts. Similarly, centers of the waning phase span the area distribution of earlier phases and are similarly contemporaneous with icelanditic magmas and with other local basalts. These data have a number of implications for long-held notions about flood basalt migration through time and the age-progressive Snake River Plain Yellowstone rhyolite trend. There is no age progression in rhyolite activity from south-to-north, and this places doubt on the postulated south-to-north progression in basalt activity, at least for main-phase CRBG lavas. Furthermore, we suggest that age-progressive rhyolite activity of the Snake River Plain–Yellowstone trend starts at ~12 Ma with activity at the Bruneau Jarbidge center, and early centers along the Oregon–Nevada border, such as McDermitt, belong to the early to main phase rhyolite identified here.

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Section: Unity Area Rhyolites (3 In Figurementioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Unity Area Rhyolites (3 In Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Columbia River Rhyolites: Age-Distribution Patterns and Their Implications for Arrival, Location, and Dispersion of Continental Flood Basalt Magmas in the Crust

et al. 2023

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“…The techniques of dendrochronology (statistical cross-matching of tree ring widths, TRW) have been successfully applied to fossil wood material in deep time in order to generate robust annual chronologies of wood growth 17 , 51 – 53 . Here, these techniques are applied to Permian and Triassic fossil wood to study the paleoclimate history during the time of this wood growth.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleoclimate-induced stress on polar forested ecosystems prior to the Permian–Triassic mass extinction

Gulbranson

Mellum

Corti

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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The end-Permian extinction (EPE) has been considered to be contemporaneous on land and in the oceans. However, re-examined floristic records and new radiometric ages from Gondwana indicate a nuanced terrestrial ecosystem response to EPE global change. Paleosol geochemistry and climate simulations indicate paleoclimate change likely caused the demise of the widespread glossopterid ecosystems in Gondwana. Here, we evaluate the climate response of plants to the EPE via dendrochronology snapshots to produce annual-resolution records of tree-ring growth for a succession of late Permian and early Middle Triassic fossil forests from Antarctica. Paleosol geochemistry indicates a shift in paleoclimate towards more humid conditions in the Early and early Middle Triassic relative to the late Permian. Paleosol morphology, however, supports inferences of a lack of forested ecosystems in the Early Triassic. The plant responses to this paleoclimate change were accompanied by enhanced stress during the latest Permian as determined by high-resolution paleoclimate analysis of wood growth intervals. These results suggest that paleoclimate change during the late Permian exerted significant stress on high-latitude forests, consistent with the hypothesis that climate change was likely the primary driver of the extinction of the glossopterid ecosystems.

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“…Dendrochronology. The techniques of dendrochronology (statistical cross-matching of tree ring widths, TRW) have been successfully applied to fossil wood material in deep time in order to generate robust annual chronologies of wood growth 17,38,39,40 . Here, these techniques are applied to Permian and Triassic fossil wood to study the paleoclimate history during the time of this wood growth.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleoclimate-induced stress on polar forested ecosystems prior to the Permian–Triassic mass extinction

Gulbranson

Mellum

Corti

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The end Permian extinction (EPE) has been considered to be contemporaneous on land and in the oceans. However, re-examined floristic records and new radiometric ages from Gondwana indicate a nuanced terrestrial ecosystem response to EPE global change. Paleosol geochemistry and climate simulations indicate paleoclimate change likely caused the demise of the widespread glossopterid ecosystems on Gondwana. Here, we evaluate the climate response of plants to the EPE via dendrochronology to produce annual-resolution records of tree ring growth for a succession of Late Permian and early Middle Triassic fossil forests from Antarctica. Paleosol geochemistry provides a broader context paleoclimate history. The plant responses to this paleoclimate change were accompanied by enhanced stress during the latest Permian. These results suggest that paleoclimate change during the Late Permian exerted significant stress on high-latitude forests, consistent with the hypothesis that climate change was likely the primary driver of the extinction of the glossopterid ecosystems.

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Dendrochronology and middle Miocene petrified oak: Modern counterparts and interpretation

Cited by 6 publications

References 47 publications

Columbia River Rhyolites: Age-Distribution Patterns and Their Implications for Arrival, Location, and Dispersion of Continental Flood Basalt Magmas in the Crust

Columbia River Rhyolites: Age-Distribution Patterns and Their Implications for Arrival, Location, and Dispersion of Continental Flood Basalt Magmas in the Crust

Paleoclimate-induced stress on polar forested ecosystems prior to the Permian–Triassic mass extinction

Paleoclimate-induced stress on polar forested ecosystems prior to the Permian–Triassic mass extinction

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