Dendrochronological records of a pioneer tree species containing ENSO signal in the Pantanal, Brazil

Fortes, C. Felfili; Nunes-da-Cunha, Cátia; Rosa, Sejana Artiaga; Paixão, Eliana; Junk, Wolfgang J.; Schöngart, Jochen

doi:10.1007/s40415-017-0434-8

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Similar to the results from Batista Silva et al [57], correlation is negative with North Pacific SST and higher absolute values than those located over the South Pacific at the same latitude belts. Even though no direct relation could be established between flood peaks in the Pantanal and ENSO events [64], the SST from the NIÑ O1+2 region (0-10˚S, 90-80˚W) showed a positive correlation strong enough to affect the Pantanal precipitation [11]. The PAC-SAC region analyzed by our study corresponds to the NIÑ O1+2 index.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

“…The UPRB rainfall shows interannual variability with higher or lower rainwater amounts that have either caused severe floods or pronounced dry seasons. Inter-and intra-annual oscillations between drought and flood serve as primary drivers of the ecological processes and relatively high levels of biodiversity [11,12] found in the region. The combination of hydrological dynamics and geomorphological features specifically help support aquatic, wetland, and terrestrial plant and animal species [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quo vadis Pantanal? Expected precipitation extremes and drought dynamics from changing sea surface temperature

et al. 2020

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Climate change poses a critical threat to the Pantanal, the largest wetland in the world. Models indicate an increase in the frequency of extreme precipitation events and extended periods of drought. These changes can amplify consequences for Pantanal's ecological functioning, which has already experienced intensive human modification of its hydrological system and environmental health. The present study analyzed the spatial and temporal dynamics of rainfall and resulting extremes in the Brazilian area of the Upper Paraguay River Basin (UPRB) along with a co-evaluation of the global Sea Surface Temperature data (SST). The predicted results indicate that wet extreme precipitation events will become more frequent in the highlands, while severe and prolonged droughts triggered by warming SSTs in the Northern Hemisphere (North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans) will affect the Pantanal. The linear relations between precipitation with SST of very specific oceanic regions and even from specific oceanic indexes obtained in the present study significantly improve the forecasting capacity, mainly from a resulting reduction to two months of the lead-time between SST warming to concomitant precipitation impacts, and by explaining 80% of Pantanal´s precipitation variation from major oceanic indexes (e.g., ENSO, PDO, NAO, ATL3). Current SST trends will result in inter-and intra-annual flooding dynamic alterations, drastically affecting the Pantanal ecosystem functioning, with consequences for wildlife diversity and distribution. Regarding the foreseeable global climate and land use change scenarios, the results from the present study provide solid evidence that can be used at different decision-making levels (from local to global) for identifying the most appropriate management practices and effectively achieving sustainability of the anthropic activity occurring in the Pantanal.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quo vadis Pantanal? Expected precipitation extremes and drought dynamics from changing sea surface temperature

et al. 2020

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“…7). E. fusca is a monodominant, pioneer, light-demanding species 19,20 , as well as the species V. divergens, whose response pattern of growth rings to environmental factors are similar to our study 15,16,74 . Light-demanding species frequently have a bell-shaped distribution, with fewer individuals in larger and smaller diameter classes 75 , which shows mortality in the larger classes and low recruitment/establishment in the smaller classes, possibly related to the shading that larger individuals provide.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…December has one of the higher precipitation levels in the Pantanal, which www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ may indicate that the individual holds reserves during the period of greatest precipitation and then begins to grow in the next season. Fortes et al 15 also found, in Pantanal, a relationship between V. divergens growth and annual rainfall, but no correlation to flood patterns. In a study of two Cedrela species, in Brazilian Amazon, a correlation was observed between growth ring chronology and rainfall 77 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Growth and establishment of monodominant stands affected by ENSO and flooding in the Pantanal

Gris

Paixão

Arruda

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Climatic factors can influence the establishment and growth of wood species, but little is known about the effect of these factors on monodominant communities in wetlands. Therefore, we asked how climatic factors, such as ENSO (El Niño-Southern Oscillation), precipitation and flooding, influence growth and establishment of the dominant species Erythrina fusca in the Pantanal. We determined the age of sampled individuals, the age of the population and evaluated the effects of climate on tree growth. We obtained samples for dendrochronological analyses using destructive (seven individuals) and non-destructive methods. We cross-dated and built a chronology, correlating results with climatic factors. We sampled 0.6 ha of the population and separated individuals into diameter classes to determine age based on diameter/age ratio obtained through dendrochronological analyses. We obtained a chronology with individuals up to 34 years old, while in the population sample, the oldest individual was 54 years old. The factors that influenced growth during the study period were precipitation (positive correlation) and El Niño (negative correlation). E. fusca individuals seem to grow more during the period of highest precipitation, and El Niño events reduce precipitation in the Pantanal, resulting in a decrease in the growth of E. fusca individuals. We detected a decrease of young individuals in the last nine years, which seems to be related to the decrease in minimum flood levels. This indicates a future decline in the number of individuals. These results allow us to propose measures to protect these monodominant formations, which mainly involve avoiding further anthropic activities, that could reduce flooding levels.

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“…This type of periodicity may result from supra‐annual environmental and/or phenological events. The El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycles, which occur with a periodicity of 3 to 7 years and alter the surface temperature of the central and eastern Pacific Ocean from warm (El Niño) to cool (La Niña) (Tudhope et al ., ), can influence not only the width of growth rings (Schöngart et al ., ; Ramírez & del Valle, ; Woodhouse, ; Fortes et al ., ) but can also cause an interruption of the cambium and the formation of supra‐annual growth rings (Borchert, ). Species with supra‐annual phenological behaviour (Engel & Martins, ) can respond in a similar way.…”

Section: Periodicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The growth ring concept: seeking a broader and unambiguous approach covering tropical species

2019

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The concept of growth rings is little discussed in the literature and their treatment remains somewhat confusing in terms of the diversity of structures described. This situation has a major impact on the study of growth rings in tropical species, in which variations and complexity are greater and accuracy of identification less good. The rigid conceptual delimitations used by dendrochronologists and wood anatomists of temperate regions cannot be applied to the study of growth rings in most tropical species, which has led to neglect of this subject. With the objective of discussing the concept of growth rings, the present study consists of a survey of anatomical, periodicity, causal and evolutionary aspects of the treatment of these structures as evidenced in previous studies, and the evaluation of their application and limitations to the development of this concept. Anatomical aspects arise through radial integrity, or the presence of early and late wood; the degree of distinction of the rings, which may vary from well to poorly defined; and tangential continuity, meaning that rings may form a complete circle in the transverse section of the trunk, or instead be tangentially discontinuous, lens-shaped or in wedges. In addition there are a diversity of anatomical markers which enable us to recognize growth rings. Regarding periodicity, the rings may be annual, infra-annual or supra-annual. Causal aspects include genetic, endogenous and environmental components. Evolutionary aspects continue to be insufficiently investigated, and although most comparative studies treat growth rings recognized by different markers as though they were a single character, it remains questionable whether they can be regarded as homologous or the result of homoplasy. We conclude that the elaboration of a robust but broad definition which can include all the variation observed in growth rings of tropical species is a complex task, which is only possible by overcoming the restrictions adopted by dendrochronologists and wood anatomists of temperate regions for whom growth rings are essentially annual, strongly demarcated, tangentially continuous and restricted to the most pronounced markers.

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Dendrochronological records of a pioneer tree species containing ENSO signal in the Pantanal, Brazil

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Quo vadis Pantanal? Expected precipitation extremes and drought dynamics from changing sea surface temperature

Quo vadis Pantanal? Expected precipitation extremes and drought dynamics from changing sea surface temperature

Growth and establishment of monodominant stands affected by ENSO and flooding in the Pantanal

The growth ring concept: seeking a broader and unambiguous approach covering tropical species

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