Dendrochronological evidence for a lower water-table on peatland around 3200-3000 BC from subfossil pine in northern Scotland

Moir, Andy; Leroy, Sag; Brown, David; Collins, Phil

doi:10.1177/0959683610365935

Cited by 38 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…Palaeoecological studies of subfossil trees preserved in peat also indicate impact of climate change on tree cover in mires (e.g., Eckstein et al 2009;Moir et al 2010;Edvardsson et al 2012). These studies explicitly demonstrate that there were periods in the past when large trees (mainly pines and oaks) developed in peatlands, either in the transition stage between fen and raised bog (Eckstein et al 2009), or in the bog stage of peatland development, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The colonization history of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) in pristine and drained raised bogs in Latvia

Čugunovs

Nikodemus²,

Dauškane³

et al. 2016

EEB

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In this study, we determined the spatio-temporal patterns of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) colonization in a drained and an undrained raised bog in Latvia, in relation to climate data and drainage history. The age of trees was estimated and mapped. In the drained mire, tree groups with age 20 to 60 years covered an extensive area, and the time of colonization corresponded to a period of low precipitation and bog drainage. In the undrained mire, the age of Scots pine was mostly 30 to 50 years and the peak colonization likely occurred when the ground water level was deeper in a period of low precipitation. Thus, the evidence suggests that drainage is not the only factor driving the development of Scots pine stands in bogs in Latvia. Our results show that the impacts of other factors, such as climate, should also be considered in ecosystem restoration and management plans.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The colonization history of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) in pristine and drained raised bogs in Latvia

Čugunovs

Nikodemus²,

Dauškane³

et al. 2016

EEB

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“…Such growth of large pines within raised bog (rooting in Sphagnum peat) was described by, among others, Overbeck (1954) for a mire in northern Germany, by Moir et al (2010) for such findings in Scotland, by Edvardsson et al (2014) in southern Sweden, or in general terms by Ellenberg (1996).…”

Section: The Preserved Treesmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…This makes much sense for the tree layers well within Sphagnum peat as described, for example, in Scotland (Moir et al, 2010) and south Sweden (Edvardsson et al, 2014). At those 94 I. E. M. Achterberg et al: Dendrochronologically dated pine stumps document phase-wise bog expansion sites, tree growth was only possible on the raised bog during drier phases.…”

Section: Chronology Gapsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Dendrochronologically dated pine stumps document phase-wise bog expansion at a northwest German site between ca. 6700 and ca. 3400 BC

Achterberg¹,

Eckstein²,

Birkholz³

et al. 2018

Clim. Past

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Abstract. The investigated northwest German mire site at "Totes Moor" is densely covered with subfossil pine stumps (Pinus sylvestris L.) from the fen-bog transition. This facilitates the spatio-temporal reconstruction of mire development, which is based on 212 in situ tree stumps in the case study presented here. Six dendrochronologically dated site chronologies together cover 2345 years between 6703 and 3403 BC. The gaps in between are 6 to 550 years long. Additionally, a floating chronology of 309 years, containing 30 trees, was radiocarbon-dated to the beginning of the 7th millennium cal BC. Peat-stratigraphical survey was carried out additionally, and elevations a.s.l. were determined at several locations.Tree dying-off phases, which indicate water level rise at the site, mostly in context of the local fen-bog transition, are evident for ca. 6600-6450, ca. 6350-5750, ca. 5300-4900, ca. 4700-4550, ca. 3900-3850, ca. 3700-3600, ca. 3500-3450 and ca. 3400 BC. The spatial distribution of the dated in situ trees illustrates the phase-wise expansion of raised bog over fen peat at the site. The documented bog expansion pulses likely correspond to climatic wet sifts.

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“…Similarly to Vaupell, many of these studies concentrate on the growth of the bog pines in relation to past climate variability (Leuschner et al, 2007;Eckstein et al, 2009;Moir et al, 2010;Edvardsson et al, 2012). Some of the megafossil studies have likewise interpreted the growth patterns and the shapes of the tree-ring curves in the context of the environmental changes through time (Spurk et al, 2002;Helama et al, 2005;Schaub et al, 2008).…”

Section: Legacymentioning

confidence: 99%

Christian Theodor Vaupell, a Danish 19th century naturalist and a pioneering developer of the Quaternary geoscience

Nielsen

Helama²

2012

Hist. Geo Space. Sci.

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Abstract. Christian Theodor Vaupell (1821-1862) was a Danish scholar with pioneering investigations particularly on the late Quaternary development of bog forests, but also microscopy of plant anatomy and vegetative reproduction. His studies contributed to the early scientific thinking of the Quaternary environmental changes. Before his academic efforts, he had already survived the war between Prussia and Denmark albeit he became severely wounded and his left arm was amputated. The drama of his academic efforts, on the other hand, lies in the more or less suspicious dispute of his first doctoral thesis and his dismissal from the academic world during the following years. At the same time, he earned praise for his first thesis (never accepted as thesis but published as a regular book) from abroad; he was also able to attract private foundations for financial support of his scientific work. Following the enthusiasm of his time, Vaupell became attracted to the pine megafossils known to have been preserved in the bogs in north-west Europe. The megafossils led him to study not only the life systems of the ancient and modern bog forests but also their associations with Earth processes. As an interesting detail of his research, Vaupell made compound interpretations on the occurrence of megafossil stumps and their tree-ring growth patterns. In the course of the 20th century, Vaupell's studies have been cited as a general reference of post-glacial vegetation change and plant succession rather than clearly pioneering investigations of palaeoecology, an angle that we would like put into a contrasting perspective. To do so, we provide a brief portrait of Christian Vaupell and his research career. In conclusion, we wish to emphasize the comprehensiveness of Vaupell's views on the late Quaternary vegetation changes and the role of plant succession in that development. School days, early studies and military serviceChristian Vaupell was born in Kolding, Denmark, 14 October 1821, the son of Lieutenant colonel Johan Wilhelm Ludvig Vaupell and wife Margrethe Dorthea Karberg. Christian Vaupell attended the local school of which he remembered with gratitude. Seeds of inspiration were sown by those school teachers that were enthusiastic and keen to educate the pupils. Bryndum taught in history and geography, and Borgen guided the pupils out to botanize. During vacations, Christian Vaupell contributed with specimens to L. Hansen's herbarium in the duchies of Holstein and Schleswig.By completing examen atrium in 1841, Vaupell qualified for admission to the university, where he became deeply interested in the societies of the antiquity and their relationship to the modern society, as well as theology. Vaupell took the examen philosophicum, and later received the academic degree candidatus theologiae, from the University of Copenhagen in 1847. Shortly after, he continued with botany and obtained insights into the other natural sciences. He attended the lectures by Prof. Johan Georg Forchhammer about the geological periods and their flor...

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Dendrochronological evidence for a lower water-table on peatland around 3200-3000 BC from subfossil pine in northern Scotland

Cited by 38 publications

References 50 publications

The colonization history of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) in pristine and drained raised bogs in Latvia

The colonization history of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) in pristine and drained raised bogs in Latvia

Dendrochronologically dated pine stumps document phase-wise bog expansion at a northwest German site between ca. 6700 and ca. 3400 BC

Christian Theodor Vaupell, a Danish 19th century naturalist and a pioneering developer of the Quaternary geoscience

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