Dendritic cells in progression and pathology of HIV infection

Manches, Olivier; Frleta, Davor; Bhardwaj, Nina

doi:10.1016/j.it.2013.10.003

Cited by 92 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 123 publications

(147 reference statements)

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“…DCs play multiple roles at different stages of HIV infection and are critically involved in HIV pathogenesis. Although these cells are poorly infected by HIV-1, the dynamics and functionality of different DC subsets are strongly affected in the course of infection (40). HIV-1 Env has been shown to modulate functions of several immune cells by engaging chemokine receptor entry coreceptors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV-1 gp120 Activates the STAT3/Interleukin-6 Axis in Primary Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells

Cornò

Donninelli

Varano

et al. 2014

J Virol

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Dendritic cells (DCs IMPORTANCEThis study provides new evidence for the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways triggered by HIV-1 gp120 in human DCs in the absence of productive infection, emphasizing a role of aberrant signaling in early virus-host interaction, contributing to viral pathogenesis. We identified STAT3 as a key component in the gp120-mediated signaling cascade involving MAPK and NF-B components and ultimately leading to IL-6 secretion. STAT3 now is recognized as a key regulator of DC functions. Thus, the identification of this transcription factor as a signaling molecule mediating some of gp120's biological effects unveils a new mechanism by which HIV-1 may deregulate DC functions and contribute to AIDS pathogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV-1 gp120 Activates the STAT3/Interleukin-6 Axis in Primary Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells

Cornò

Donninelli

Varano

et al. 2014

J Virol

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“…Dendritic cells (DCs) are often localized in tissue in proximity to the external environment; for this reason, they are the first cell type to encounter HIV immediately after infection [74]. DCs are only partially permissive to HIV infection.…”

Section: Autophagy Alterations In Dendritic Cells During Hiv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of autophagy in HIV infection and pathogenesis

et al. 2017

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The aim of autophagy is to re‐establish homeostasis in response to a variety of stress conditions. By forming double‐membrane vesicles, autophagy engulfs damaged or superfluous cytoplasmic material and recycles degradation products for new synthesis or energy production. Of note, the same mechanism is used to capture pathogens and has important implications in both innate and adaptive immunity. To establish a chronic infection, pathogens have therefore evolved multiple mechanisms to evade autophagy‐mediated degradation. HIV infection represents one of the best characterized systems in which autophagy is disarmed by a virus using multiple strategies to prevent the sequestration and degradation of its proteins and to establish a chronic infection. HIV alters autophagy at various stages of the process in both infected and bystander cells. In particular, the HIV proteins TAT, NEF and ENV are involved in this regulation by either blocking or stimulating autophagy through direct interaction with autophagy proteins and/or modulation of the mTOR pathway. Although the roles of autophagy during HIV infection are multiple and vary amongst the different cell types, several lines of evidence point to a potential beneficial effect of stimulating autophagy‐mediated lysosomal degradation to potentiate the immune response to HIV. Characterization of the molecular mechanisms regulating selective autophagy is expected to be valuable for developing new drugs able to specifically enhance the anti‐HIV response.

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“…At sites of infection, DCs become infected in rare cases or commonly, bind or sequester HIV to cross-infect CD4 + T cells in LNs [58]. Whether CCL20 plays a role in CD34 + cellderived DC trafficking, which is CCR6 + and susceptible to CCL20 [59], remains yet to be fully characterized.…”

Section: Dcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CCR6/CCL20 chemokine axis in human immunodeficiency virus immunity and pathogenesis

Lee

Körner

2017

Journal of General Virology

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Recent studies in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have garnered interest for the role of CC chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6) and its known ligands, CC chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) and human b-defensins, in viral entry, dissemination and antiviral immunity. Several studies have suggested that CCR6 may also act as a weak co-receptor of HIV entry, in addition to the canonical CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and CCR5. However, the pathogenic significance has yet to be demonstrated as the observations for preferential infection of CD4 + CCR6 + over CD4 + CCR6 À T cells appear to be independent of CCR6 expression. This indicates means for preferential infection other than CCR6 co-receptor use. Attention has also turned to the inadvertent role of the CCR6/CCL20 axis in attracting key immune cells, including T H 17 cells and dendritic cells, to sites of infection and propagating the virus to other sites of the body. This review article will summarize the latest evidence that the CCR6/CCL20 chemokine axis is playing an important role in HIV pathogenesis and immunity. Further work with in vivo studies is needed to establish the biological and, hence, therapeutic significance of these findings.

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Dendritic cells in progression and pathology of HIV infection

Cited by 92 publications

References 123 publications

HIV-1 gp120 Activates the STAT3/Interleukin-6 Axis in Primary Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells

HIV-1 gp120 Activates the STAT3/Interleukin-6 Axis in Primary Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells

Role of autophagy in HIV infection and pathogenesis

CCR6/CCL20 chemokine axis in human immunodeficiency virus immunity and pathogenesis

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