Dendritic cell vaccine immunotherapy; the beginning of the end of cancer and COVID-19. A hypothesis

Saadeldin, Mona Kamal; Abdel-Aziz, Amal Kamal; Abdellatif, Ahmed A.H.

doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110365

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…This is consistent with the reduction of lymphocytes as one of the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 [19]. In addition, we understand that DC vaccine therapy can be used to combat the COVID-19 epidemic and to overcome the possibility of re-infection of the virus [20]. At the same time, in our study of correlations between FURIN and several immune characteristics, we found that most marker genes in immune in ltration cells were also associated with highly expressed FURIN.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

FURIN Correlated with Immune Infiltration Serves as a Potential Biomarker in SARS-CoV-2 Infection-Related Lung Adenocarcinoma

Luo

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: FURIN, as a proprotein invertase, has been found to be expressed in a variety of cancers and plays an important role in cancer. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 requires FURIN to enter human cell. However, the role of FURIN in lung adenocarcinoma remains unclear. And the expression of SARS-CoV-2 related gene in lung adenocarcinoma have not been clarify. Methods: In this study, we obtained the expression data of Oncomine, TIMER, GEPIA, HPA. Then we used UALCAN database to analyze the expression of FURIN in different clinical feature subgroups. In PrognoScan and Kaplan-Meier plotter databases, we found a certain association between FURIN and poor OS outcomes in LUAD patients. Then we used the cBioPortal database to determine the type and frequency of FURIN changes in LUAD patients. Studies based on the TIMER database show a strong correlation between FURIN expression and various immune cell infiltrates and markers. Analysis in UALCAN database showed that the decreased promoter methylation level of FURIN in LUAD may lead to the high expression of FURIN. Furthermore, we used the LinkedOmics database to evaluate gene co-expression of FURIN in LUAD and to investigate their role in tumor immunity. Finally, we evaluated the expression of FURIN in LUAD patients who infected with SARS-CoV.Results: FURIN was highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma. And FURIN expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival. FURIN expression was found to be correlated with six major permeable immune cells and with macrophage immune marker in LUAD patients. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 infection might affect the expression of FURIN. Conclusions: FURIN, as SARS-CoV-2 related gene, was highly expressed in LUAD. Furthermore, FURIN can be used as a promising biomarker for determining prognosis and immune infiltration in LUAD patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

FURIN Correlated with Immune Infiltration Serves as a Potential Biomarker in SARS-CoV-2 Infection-Related Lung Adenocarcinoma

Luo

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…This is consistent with the reduction of lymphocytes as one of the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 [ 28 ]. In addition, we understand that DC vaccine therapy can be used to combat the COVID-19 epidemic and to overcome the possibility of re-infection of the virus [ 29 ]. At the same time, in our study of correlations between FURIN and several immune characteristics, we found that most marker genes in immune infiltration cells were also associated with highly expressed FURIN.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FURIN correlated with immune infiltration serves as a potential biomarker in SARS-CoV-2 infection-related lung adenocarcinoma

Luo

et al. 2021

Clin Exp Med

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FURIN, as a proprotein convertase, has been found to be expressed in a variety of cancers and plays an important role in cancer. In addition, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) requires FURIN to enter human cells. However, the role of FURIN in lung adenocarcinoma remains unclear. And the expression of SARS-CoV-2 related gene in lung adenocarcinoma has not been clarified. Therefore, in order to explore the prognostic value and mechanism of FURIN in lung adenocarcinoma, we performed bioinformatics analysis with Oncomine, Tumor Immune Estimation Resource, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, human protein atlas, UALCAN, PrognoScan, Kaplan–Meier plotter, cBioPortal and LinkedOmics databases. And then we used GSE44274 in the GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) database to analyze the expression of FURIN in LUAD patients who infected with SARS-CoV. FURIN was highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma and was significantly associated with poor overall survival. FURIN expression was found to be correlated with six major permeable immune cells and with macrophage immune marker in LUAD patients. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 infection might affect the expression of FURIN. FURIN can be used as a promising biomarker for determining prognosis and immune infiltration in LUAD patients.

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“…In order to assess trans infection of targeted T cells, C-SIGN is important, despite not being a receptor in SARS-CoV infection. Antibodies raised against DC-SIGN can inhibit DC infections and become targets for designing new therapies [72]. It is now well known that pulmonary pneumocytes are the most extensive lung cell infected with SARS-CoV-2.…”

Section: Immunotherapy and Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

A Multidisciplinary Approach to Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)

Ertürk

Şahin

et al. 2021

Molecules

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Since December 2019, humanity has faced an important global threat. Many studies have been published on the origin, structure, and mechanism of action of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the treatment of its disease. The priority of scientists all over the world has been to direct their time to research this subject. In this review, we highlight chemical studies and therapeutic approaches to overcome COVID-19 with seven different sections. These sections are the structure and mechanism of action of SARS-CoV-2, immunotherapy and vaccine, computer-aided drug design, repurposing therapeutics for COVID-19, synthesis of new molecular structures against COVID-19, food safety/security and functional food components, and potential natural products against COVID-19. In this work, we aimed to screen all the newly synthesized compounds, repurposing chemicals covering antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiparasitic, anticancer, antipsychotic, and antihistamine compounds against COVID-19. We also highlight computer-aided approaches to develop an anti-COVID-19 molecule. We explain that some phytochemicals and dietary supplements have been identified as antiviral bioproducts, which have almost been successfully tested against COVID-19. In addition, we present immunotherapy types, targets, immunotherapy and inflammation/mutations of the virus, immune response, and vaccine issues.

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Dendritic cell vaccine immunotherapy; the beginning of the end of cancer and COVID-19. A hypothesis

Cited by 32 publications

References 72 publications

FURIN Correlated with Immune Infiltration Serves as a Potential Biomarker in SARS-CoV-2 Infection-Related Lung Adenocarcinoma

FURIN Correlated with Immune Infiltration Serves as a Potential Biomarker in SARS-CoV-2 Infection-Related Lung Adenocarcinoma

FURIN correlated with immune infiltration serves as a potential biomarker in SARS-CoV-2 infection-related lung adenocarcinoma

A Multidisciplinary Approach to Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)

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