Dendrite morphology in Al-20 wt%Cu hypoeutectic alloys in 24 T high magnetic field quantified by ex-situ X-ray tomography

Lin, Wenhao; Zhou, Bangfei; Liu, Ying; Guo, Xianghui; Zheng, Tianxiang; Zhong, Yunbo; Zhang, Lei; Zhang, Qingjun; Wang, Qiuliang

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.165679

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…[55,56]. Results demonstrated that the diffusion-limited condition as measured in microgravity was achieved when the MFD was greater than about 3 T. To further reveal the influence of this diffusive condition on crystal growth, Al-20wt.%Cu hypoeutectic alloy was solidified under a 24 T high SMF (Figure 3d-f) [61]. In this diffusive condition, the primary dendrite maintained stable growth and side arms with small surface curvatures that grew nearly perpendicular to their stem.…”

Section: Magnetic Braking Effect During Solidificationmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The 3D morphology of dendrites under directional solidification has been studied using XCT [30,80]. Lin et al [61] reconstructed the 3D morphology of primary α-Al dendrites treated by a 24 T high SMF during bulk solidification and found that the dendrite growth was stable, and the dendrite size increased under the high SMF. Researchers suggested that this simulated microgravity environment achieved by high SMF has potential for tailoring single metallic crystals [68].…”

Section: Tem Effect During Solidificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, magnetic dipole-dipole interactions (or magnetic interaction force) have been successfully used to affect grain growth, resulting in elongated grain and chainlike microstructures [40], and control the agglomeration and dispersion of primary crystals [51]. Therefore, the aforementioned forces, which have significant effects on the kinetic processes of solidification, are effective in controlling atom diffusion [52][53][54][55][56], nucleation events [42,57], melt convection [19,34], solute distribution [32,58,59], crystal migration [21,43,60], and morphology evolution [61][62][63] during solidification. Apart from kinetic processes, magnetic energy can also modify thermodynamic events, such as phase transformation and crystal orientation, even in a non-ferromagnetic system [12,64,65].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the crystal orientation is considered to be influenced by the SMF in both thermodynamic and kinetic ways. In the past decade, our group has systematically investigated the role of SMFs in the solidification process, including atomic diffusion [55,56,66,67], dendrite growth [61,68], homogenization of the secondary phase in immiscible alloy [69][70][71], and electroslag remelting in steel [72][73][74]. Based on these studies, we suggested that ETA materials processing under an SMF holds promise for both fundamental scientific research and industrial applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review on Eutectic-Type Alloys Solidified under Static Magnetic Field

et al. 2023

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Processing metallic alloys under a static magnetic field (SMF) has garnered significant attention over the past few decades. SMFs can influence both the thermodynamics and kinetics of the solidification process by introducing extra force and energy. Eutectic-type alloys (ETAs) are commonly used as research materials under SMFs due to their featured microstructures. This review aims to present theoretical and experimental results regarding ETAs under SMFs, from post-analysis to in situ observation, to demonstrate the effects of magnetic phenomena such as magnetic braking, thermoelectric magnetic convection, magnetic gradient force, and magnetic energy on the thermodynamics and kinetics of microstructural evolution. In this paper, we adopt a hybrid approach between a review and an overview to comprehensively examine the effect of SMFs on the solidification process. Firstly, we provided a concise review of the historical research on the SMF’s impact on solidification in the literature. Next, we elucidated the basic physical principles of an SMF in material processing, followed by an introduction of numerous laboratory and industrial experiments that have utilized SMFs. Finally, we summarized the effects of SMFs on solidification in the past and provide insights into future research directions.

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Section: Magnetic Braking Effect During Solidificationmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Tem Effect During Solidificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review on Eutectic-Type Alloys Solidified under Static Magnetic Field

et al. 2023

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“…As a result, XCT has predominantly been used only in some specialized investigations, for example, to identify the presence of Ag within lower density mediums, particularly in biological applications [22,23]. To overcome these technical limitations, prior work by others concentrated on systems characterized by low Z-high contrast alloy pairs such as Al-Cu [24], probed in small samples [25]. Glass foams have been used to assist X-ray tomography [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Kinetics-Controlled Morphologies in the Growth of Silver Crystals from a Primary Lead Melt

King,

Rajoo,

Norori-McCormac

et al. 2024

Minerals

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Silver, a precious metal, can be recovered as a by-product of the processing of non-ferrous metals such as lead. In this work, silver crystals grown from the controlled cooling of a 10% silver–90% lead melt have been examined to quantify crystal morphologies developed under industrial conditions. X-ray tomography (XCT) is adapted to quantify the size and morphology of silver crystal structures grown from the Ag-Pb melt. The examination utilized high X-ray energies and small sample sizes to mitigate attenuation and enhance image quality. Examination of single crystal dendrites under high magnification demonstrates that silver crystals, even those grown under commercial conditions, yield a Face-Centered Cubic (FCC) crystalline lattice, which could be important for the practical extension of this work to the commercial production of Ag nano-crystals and crystalline supra-molecular structures. The crystals observed are composed of multiple twinned euhedral grains in a variety of dendritic to acicular arrangements, yielding a substantial heterogeneity of crystalline forms. XCT data were used to generate size and shape descriptors for the individual crystals. The results were compared to an equivalent set of descriptors generated from laser sizing examination of a sample of unconsolidated crystals from the same experimental run. The correspondence to within 9% of the crystal equivalent diameters determined independently by the XCT and laser sizing demonstrates a favorable outcome in particle sizing as achieved by visual inspection of XCT results. XCT examination of crystal assemblages identifies small octahedral crystals and larger triangular platelets. The structures expected for FCC crystals grown at thermodynamically controlled conditions are not observed in our systems, suggesting the possibility of the first crystal nuclei form at such conditions, but their growth transition to kinetically controlled mechanisms occurs as their size increases above a threshold cutoff. Based on literature observations, this size threshold is much smaller than the resolution of the XCT instrumentation employed herein. Our characterization data are in fact consistent with thermodynamics/kinetics—and then kinetics-controlled mechanisms—as the crystal size increases. This observation is important because the systems considered here are representative of commercial processes. As such, this work extends prior crystal growth concepts, which were explored in aqueous systems often probed by electrodeposition.

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