Dendrimer Structure Diversity and Tailorability as a Way to Fight Infectious Diseases

Mlynarczyk, Dariusz T.; Kocki, Tomasz; Gośliński, Tomasz

doi:10.5772/67660

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Micelles are self-assembled surfactants with varying levels of branching. Dendrimers are symmetric macromolecules with monodisperse structure called branches or linear polymer core Figure 5 The components that make up a micelle [31] Figure 6 The construct of the G3 PAMAM Dendrimer [32] Figure 7 The construct of the of the Hybrid Lipid-Polymer Nanoparticle [33] Figure 5 is a representation of a copolymer micelle that is separated into a hydrophobic and hydrophilic polymer, used in a micelle. The drug distribution is located in the core area in close proximity of the hydrophobic polymer.…”

Section: Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic efficacies of nano carriers and dissolution kinetics

Krueger¹,

Frazier²,

Galbreath³

et al. 2022

J Pharm Biopharm Res

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The drug dissolution behavior of poorly soluble medication such as doxorubicin has been conducted in this paper. Since the drug was fixed, different carriers used to deliver it and their dissolutions kinetics compiled from literature evaluated in this paper. Even though targeting of drugs is very important in drug delivery, it is not within the scope of this paper. However, functionalization of the carrier may provide this benefit, those constructs are included for comparison in terms of hybrid constructs. Dendrimer, micelles and hybrid constructs used in the delivery of doxorubicin compared in this paper with respect to carrier size and drug loading. Assuming that the dissolution follows a slow release, 40-50% of the drug in the phase I representing the sudden or the burst release, followed by a steady release of 50-60% of the drug in phase II, not all the carriers and their sizes exhibited this behavior. Carriers and hybrid constructs 38nm size were more effective where phase I and II was observed, however, as the size decreased to 34 nm or increased, dissolution kinetics with minimal release occurred meaning the carriers were too big to penetrate the vasculature permeability. Nano-carriers, dendrimers, micelle, hybrid dendrimers, and hybrid micelle were found to be effective with the carrier manufacturing, generation, polymer, molecular weight of the carrier and other parameters. The release rate of doxorubicin was found to be effective with dendrimers together with hybrid dendrimer exhibiting a bilinear kinetics. Micelles 20nm were more effective representing 60% of release in 10 hours followed by additional 25% in 35 hours exhibiting a bilinear behavior. Size greater than 20nm resulted in slow dissolution reaching less than 10 to 40% of drug. Several drugs exhibited multiple slopes in their dissolution kinetics when micelle was used. The therapeutic efficacy of hybrid micelle was superior to other nano-carriers.

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Section: Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic efficacies of nano carriers and dissolution kinetics

Krueger¹,

Frazier²,

Galbreath³

et al. 2022

J Pharm Biopharm Res

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show abstract

“…enhance their cellular uptake and can be designed to take a high drug payload [25]. Opposite to conventional PS, dendrimer-PS conjugates show good ROS production even at high concentrations as the individual PS molecules are separated from each other by the dendrimer framework so they cannot self-quench.…”

Section: Article Highlightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano Antiviral Photodynamic Therapy: a Probable Biophysicochemical Management Modality in SARS-CoV-2

Khorsandi

Fekrazad

Vahdatinia

et al. 2020

Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery

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Introduction: COVID-19 disease has shocked the world by its spread and contagiousness. At this time, there is no valid vaccine and no proven drug treatment for COVID-19 patients. Current treatments are focused on Oxygenation, Cytokine Storm management, anti-inflammatory effects, and antiviral therapy. Antiviral photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is based on the reaction between a photo-sensitive agent and a light source in the presence of oxygen which can produce oxidative and free radical agents to damage the virus' structures. Recent studies show that nanotechnology can improve aPDT's outcome. The aim of this study was to find out the potential therapeutic effects of Nano antiviral photodynamic therapy on COVID-19.Areas covered: This review evaluates Nano Antiviral Photodynamic Therapy: A Probable Biophysicochemical Management Modality in SARS-CoV-2. Data were extracted from published different studies published on PUBMED, SCOPUS, and Web of Science. Expert opinion: Studies indicating that aPDT and Nano-based aPDT can be useful in viral pulmonary complications like Influenza, SARS-CoV, and MERS, but there was no direct study on SARS-Cov-2. Recent studies showed that Nano-based aPDT could relate to control of the stages of viral infections. Altogether, further investigations for the application of nanomedicine in antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation are needed for COVID-19 Management.

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“…As successive layers are added, a globular macromolecular structure forms, resulting in the desired dendrimer (Fig. 1) [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These compounds are water-soluble and biocompatible; several studies have discussed their cytotoxicity as being dependent on generation, surface charge, terminal functional Terminal groups Generation three Generation two Generation one Core groups and concentration [7]. They have been successfully used in applications ranging from standalone therapeutics, drug delivery and gene therapy strategies to decontaminating agents, as micelle-mimicking structures [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Activity of Some Nano-Antimicrobial Poly(amidoamine) (Pamam) Dendrimeric Products

Caracoti

Negrea

Florea³

2021

Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol

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"Dendrimers are synthetic, branched macromolecules. Compared to linear polymers, dendrimers hold multiple advantages as potential carrier molecules: high capacity to incorporate pharmacologically active substances, chemical stability of micelles under physiological conditions, increased bioavailability of active substances covalently or noncovalently bound to dendrimers, due to increased dendrimers capacity to cross biological barriers. The carrier potential of dendrimers has been evaluated in combination with different antibiotics, as an alternative way to address the increasing resistance of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. This paper presents a study on the intrinsic antibacterial properties of the following poly(amidoamino) (PAMAM) ethylenediamine core dendrimers: PAMAM generation 3.5, PAMAM generation 4.0 and PAMAM-OH generation 4.0. The following bacterial strains were used: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51299 and a multi-drug resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolate. The dendrimers’ concentrations used in the experiment were established within the range of admissibility obtained following cytotoxicity testing on human cell cultures. The dendrimers’ antibacterial activity varied depending on the concentration and the bacterial species. The antibacterial efficacy was quantified by calculating the percentage and logarithmic reduction of the number of viable microorganisms. The logarithmic reduction varied between 0.06 and 1.10, corresponding to percentage reductions between 13% and 92%. The strongest antibacterial activity of all dendrimers used in this study was registered for the D3.5 dendrimer (50 μg/mL) against Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 reference strain. For A. baumannii, a logarithmic reduction of bacterial activity of 1.10 log10 (percentage reduction in the number of CFU of 92%) was registered, while for P. aeruginosa ATCC 15442 the logarithmic reduction was 0.75 log10 (percentage reduction of 82%)."

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Dendrimer Structure Diversity and Tailorability as a Way to Fight Infectious Diseases

Cited by 6 publications

References 81 publications

Therapeutic efficacies of nano carriers and dissolution kinetics

Therapeutic efficacies of nano carriers and dissolution kinetics

Nano Antiviral Photodynamic Therapy: a Probable Biophysicochemical Management Modality in SARS-CoV-2

Antibacterial Activity of Some Nano-Antimicrobial Poly(amidoamine) (Pamam) Dendrimeric Products

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