Dendrimer for Templating the Growth of Porous Catechol-Coordinated Titanium Dioxide Frameworks: Toward Hemocompatible Nanomaterials

Abstract

Phosphorus dendrimers and nanosized metal oxide clusters are two dissimilar nanomaterials with promising applications in nanomedicine. Although outstanding holistic properties can be reached by the combination of organic and inorganic phases, few investigations were strikingly undertaken to associate these building blocks in a single nanostructured, open-framework hybrid material. With this aim, we designed herein five novel different generations of catechol-terminated phosphorus dendrimers (DG n : n = 1−5) and used them as structure-directing agents for titanium alkoxide mineralization. The covalent bonding occurring between peripheral catechols and soluble titanium oxo species and their further sol−gel cocondensation afford bimodal micromesoporous catechol-coordinated titanium dioxide nanomaterials. Their interplay with cells was assessed with a special emphasis on their hemolytic activity and cytotoxicity. Interestingly, enhanced biocompatibility was observed for these materials compared to their hybrid analogues built from ammonium-and phosphonate-terminated phosphorus dendrimers. These results demonstrate the importance of catechol-terminated groups both for bridging titanium dioxide clusters and for improving the materials' compatibility. Overall, this study sheds light on the importance of tuning the surface-interface hybrid composition and provides a blueprint for the rational design of bloodcompatible and drug-transporter materials.

Synthesis of Catechol Derived Rosamine Dyes and Their Reactivity toward Biogenic Amines

“…Catechols are biologically reactive molecules that are widespread in nature and largely used in biomedicine and nanotechnology [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Catechol-functionalized molecules and materials are involved in many areas of chemistry and materials science [ 4 ], especially for producing: (i) metallopolymer networks for water purification [ 5 ]; (ii) adhesive functional hydrogels for biomedical applications [ 6 ]; and (iii) polymers with antimicrobial properties [ 7 ].…”

Growth of binary anatase–rutile on phosphorylated graphene through strong P–O–Ti bonding affords a stable visible-light photocatalyst

“…[12][13][14] Their main limitations could be summarized in their low surface area and the lack of photoactivity under visible light. 15,16 To circumvent these setbacks, titanium dioxide has been hybridized with other nanometric phases including metal nanoparticles, 17,18 mesoporous organosilicates, [19][20][21] quantum dots, 22,23 phosphorus-containing dendrimers, [24][25][26][27][28] and carbon-based nanostructures. [29][30][31][32] In this framework, graphene and its derivatives are on the rise, 33 with graphene-based nanocomposites being expected to revolutionize future nanoscience and nanotechnology.…”

The Complex Compound of Amino Acids With Titanium (III) as a Method to Control and Synthesis of Different Structures of TiO2 Nanoparticles; Usage as Photocatalysts to Oxidize Alcohols to Aldehyde

“…Titanium dioxide nanoparticles in different ratios have found their place among all types of nanoparticles and they are used in different applications such as painting, catalyst, photocatalyst, solar energy, food, beverages, and pharmaceutical industries etc [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”