Demystifying the Role of Chinese Commercial Actors in the Shaping China’s Foreign Assistance: The Case of Post-war Sri Lanka

Zhu, Xiao'ou

doi:10.5334/sta.fo

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…15 See Bader (2015a, 2015b), Hernandez (2017), and Li (2017) for recent exceptions. 16 See Zhu (2015) for first qualitative evidence. Source: Own figure with data from Lin (1996) and Dreher et al (2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The motives of China’s foreign aid

Fuchs¹,

Rudyak²

2019

Handbook on the International Political Economy of China

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This chapter discusses the political, economic, and humanitarian motives driving Chinese aid. Concerning the political drivers, the Chinese government uses aid as a foreign policy tool, which should help the country to create a favorable international environment for China's development, support the country's rise to global power status, influence global governance, and reward countries that abide by the One-China Policy. Moreover, aid has increasingly been used to promote trade with developing countries and loans are extended in exchange for natural resources. Finally, China emphasizes that it gives aid in order to help other developing countries to reduce poverty and improve people's livelihoods, a claim supported by the data as poorer countries receive more support. While the mixture of political, economic and humanitarian goals does not set China apart from the so-called "traditional" Western donors, China differs in the detailed content of its interests and the explicit emphasis on "mutual benefit" in the pursuance of its goals. Acknowledgements: Excellent research assistance was provided by Samuel Siewers and Felix Turbanisch. We further thank Jamie Parsons for proofreading of an earlier version of this chapter. This is a draft chapter. The final version will be available in the Handbook of the International Political Economy of China edited by Ka Zeng, forthcoming, Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd The material cannot be used for any other purpose without further permission of the publisher, and is for private use only. 1 Kobayashi (2008) and Brautigam (2009) provide thorough overviews of the history of China's aid giving. Johnston and Rudyak (2017) have shown how Chinese aid as it stands today was shaped by global shifts. 2 The earliest commonly available historical data on Chinese aid were collected by the German Sinologist Wolfgang Bartke (1989) and Taiwanese China scholar Lin Teh-chang (1993). 3 Following the signing of the Sino-Soviet friendship treaty in 1950, the Soviet Union began to provide assistance to China in the form of concessional loans, which were 'tied' to the purchase of commodities and war materials from the Soviet Union and were typically attached to Soviet technical experts. See also Asmus et al. (2017) for a literature review on Russian (and other BRICS) aid. Union has given to China is a great example of this type of relationship. [The] Soviet Union, China and other Socialist countries have been expanding their economic cooperation with many countries in Asia and Africa based on this principle [sic.] […]. (Zhou 1956; translated from Chinese in Rudyak 2014: 6) At the same time, Zhou's historical speech shows that China considered economic independence as crucial to achieving political independence (from the U.S. and the West)-for itself and for other developing countries: China is a country that just recently has been liberated. Our economy is still very backward; we still haven't achieved full economic independence […] But we have understood that economic independence is of major signific...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The motives of China’s foreign aid

Fuchs¹,

Rudyak²

2019

Handbook on the International Political Economy of China

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“…The review concluded the study with the message that each member country should devote all available political and economic resources to support this initiative as despite direct profits all the members would gain diverse benefits for the infrastructure development, trading, bilateral agreements, etc. Numerous other researchers have investigated the OBOR from the participant perspective, including China's closest neighbours, e.g., Russia (Makarov and Sokolova, 2016), Mongolia , Pakistan (Sher et al, 2019), other Asian countries, e.g., Malaysia (Woan-Lin et al, 2018), Sri Lanka (Zhu, 2015), as well as European ones (e.g., Bartosiewicz and Szterlik, 2019). Moreover, Chen et al (2021) analysed more than 170 studies and classified them on the basis of the countries they concern.…”

Section: Obor Initiativementioning

confidence: 99%

(r, Q) Inventory Management in Complex Distribution Systems of the One Belt One Road Initiative

Przemyslaw¹,

Wieczorek²

2022

IJSTL

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The paper addresses the inventory management problem in logistic systems with a networked structure in the context of new transit corridors arising from the One Belt One Road initiative. An inventory control framework for the distribution of resources in complex multi-echelon networks governed by the (r, Q) inventory policy has been presented. In addition to an arbitrary topology with lateral transshipments, the demand may be imposed on any controlled node, not just end-points. The proposed framework is applied to investigate crude oil supplies for China in the presence of uncertain demand variations. The multifaceted study gives practical insights into the policy parameter selection to secure a sufficient level of resources under operational constraints. As demonstrated in numerical experiments, the constructed framework can be flexibly adapted to examine the effects of structural changes, e.g., caused by regional blockages, that enforce the reorganisation of the distribution system.

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“…We observed very few instances of states leveraging their role as producer to enact GVC-oriented policies, either in the systematic literature review or concurrent analysis of IO publications, with those observed primarily occurring in the context of complex products (Table 3). State-owned enterprises are often reported in the analysis of Chinese (Defraigne, 2017;Liu & Yang, 2013;Zhu, 2015) or more generally in East Asian GVCs (e.g., Ngo, 2017), wherein national or sub-national policymakers leveraged the producer role to support the technological development of local industries and innovative capabilities. Such a role is primarily implemented to achieve value-capturing opportunities relative to ensuring GVC participation (Table 2).…”

Section: State As Producermentioning

confidence: 99%

State policies and upgrading in global value chains: A systematic literature review

Marchi

Alford

2021

J Int Bus Policy

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This paper examines the role of state policymaking in a context of global value chains (GVCs). While the literature acknowledges that states matter in GVCs, there is little understanding of how they matter from a policy perspective. We address this tension between theory and practice by first delineating the state’s facilitator, regulator, producer and buyer roles. We then explore the extent to which corresponding state policies enable or constrain the following policy objectives: GVC participation; value capture; and social and environmental upgrading. We do so via a systematic review of academic GVC literature, combined with analysis of seminal policy publications by International Organizations. Our findings indicate that state policymakers leverage facilitative strategies to achieve GVC participation and enhanced value capture; with regulatory and public procurement mechanisms adopted to address social and environmental goals. Mixed results also emerged, highlighting tensions between policies geared towards economic upgrading on the one hand, and social and environmental upgrading on the other. Finally, we suggest that effective state policies require a multi-scalar appreciation of GVC dynamics, working with multiple and sometimes competing stakeholders to achieve their developmental objectives.

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Demystifying the Role of Chinese Commercial Actors in the Shaping China’s Foreign Assistance: The Case of Post-war Sri Lanka

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

The motives of China’s foreign aid

The motives of China’s foreign aid

(r, Q) Inventory Management in Complex Distribution Systems of the One Belt One Road Initiative

State policies and upgrading in global value chains: A systematic literature review

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