Demystifying Modern Dental Ceramics

Abstract

With increasing patient expectation for aesthetic dental restorations, there has been a drive towards developing ceramic materials to meet this expectation. Multiple ceramic systems have been introduced over the past four decades with considerable advances in material properties. Survival rates of all-ceramic crowns differ by type of ceramic used, fabrication method and clinical indication. Zirconia and lithium disilicate are the most commonly used contemporary ceramic materials in dentistry. Survival data for these types of restorations appears to be promising; however, there is a lack of high-quality long-term clinical data on the success of these restorations. In the absence of robust longitudinal clinical research, laboratory studies have provided some useful information on the performance of ceramic restorations. Further high quality long-term clinical studies are needed to inform us of modes of failure of these restorations and the range of clinical circumstances in which each type of ceramic restoration may be used.

Hydrofluoric acid concentration and etching time affect differently the microstructure and surface properties of pressed lithium disilicate glass ceramics

“…9,10 Lithia-based glass ceramics, particularly lithium disilicate (LDS), became popular among clinicians and dental technicians since it was introduced in dentistry, due to its chemically bond capability, light reflection similar to natural enamel, high long-term survival rates and adequate fitting accuracy using the heat-press technique. [11][12][13][14][15][16] Therefore, lithium disilicate has been demonstrated to be suitable for several clinical indications, such as inlays, onlays, veneers, crowns, three-unit bridges up to premolars, implant abutments and crowns. 17 The use of LDS also introduced the concept of minimally invasive dentistry-occlusal veneers and reduced thickness crowns.…”

Aesthetic and functional rehabilitation in a patient with anterior skeletal open bite using lithium dissilicate glass-reinforced ceramic: a case report

“…Over the last decades, the use of ceramic materials in several areas of dentistry has increased and, consequently, the number of researches on the chemical properties and manufacturing techniques on the use of these materials has grown (Willard & Chu, 2018). The current use of ceramics in dentistry is wide and stems from a long historical background (Anusavice, 2013, Raposo et al, 2014Butt, Thanabalan, Ayub, & Bourne, 2019). Dental ceramics are considered a good restorative option for oral rehabilitations, due to their mechanical, physical, and aesthetic properties which are adequate for several clinical situations (Silva et al, 2017, Zhang et al, 2019.…”

The Effect of Clinical Sandblasting With Different Powders on the Surface Roughness of Cores for Metal-Ceramic Crowns and Their Fracture Resistance After the Addition of Repair Material: An In-Vitro Study

“…In the late 1700s, ceramics were introduced as restorative materials in dentistry, taking advantage of their ability to mimic the form and color of natural teeth [2]. The three basic types of materials that are used for indirect dental restorations include metal alloys (both all-metal and metal-ceramic), ceramics, and resin-based composites [3]. Porcelain fused to metal (PFM) restorations have the benefit of combining clinical durability with acceptable cosmetic results.…”