Demulsification of water in crude oil emulsion using long chain imidazolium ionic liquids and optimization of parameters

Hazrati, Nastaran; Beigi, Ali Akbar Miran; Abdouss, Majid

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2018.05.010

Cited by 96 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The experimental results showed that toluene had the highest rate in dissolving asphaltene, as compared to other solvents. Nastaran Hazrati et al [17] investigated the effect of ionic liquids in the break-up of a water-in-oil emulsion. Full Factorial Design was used for screening and optimising three variables, including anion type, alkyl chain length, and surfactant dosage based on three levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation Emulsion via Non-Ionic Surfactant: An Optimization

2019

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Achieving emulsion stability in the petroleum industry is a major challenge due to several problems encountered in the oil refining process, such as corrosion in equipment, high-pressure drops in pipelines, and catalyst poisoning in upstream facilities. Thus, several methods are applied for emulsion treatment and chemical treatment using surface-active agents, a fundamental method in the petroleum industry. The present work investigated the performance of a non-ionic surfactant in separating water in a crude oil emulsion via the bottle test technique. Then, a Fractional Factorial Design (2 K−1 ) was used to characterise the effect of significant variables. In particular, a Pareto chart was employed and factors such as demulsifier dosage, toluene concentration, pressure, sitting time, and temperature were investigated. Accordingly, the parameters applied were further analysed using a Central Composite Design (CCD) based on the Response Surface Method (RSM). The experimental results based on analysis of Variance (ANOVA) show that demulsifier dosage, temperature, and sedimentation times were the main variables affecting the dehydration process, with the highest F-values being 564.74, 94.53 and 78.65 respectively. The increase in the surfactant dosage before critical concentration, temperature and sitting time leads to boosting dehydration efficiency. In addition, a mathematical model was established for the variables, with a coefficient of determination value of 0.9688. Finally, numerical optimisation was performed on the variables and the results show that the optimal values are 1000 ppm, 15.5 mL, −400 mmHg, 120 min, and 90 • C, for demulsifier dosage, toluene concentration, pressure, sitting time, and temperature, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation Emulsion via Non-Ionic Surfactant: An Optimization

2019

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“…In 2016-2019, as reported by Biniaz et al (2016), Hazrati et al (2018), Adewunmi and Kamal (2019), the water-in-oil emulsion can be separated using ionic liquids. In the study conducted by Hazrati et al (2018), they presented imidazolium ionic liquids with long alkyl chains which coupled with Cl, PF6 and NTf2 anions as an active demulsifier. The experiment was carried out by observing the interfacial tension between the water and crude oil, and within 1-, 2-, 6and 24-h interval, a bottle test was performed.…”

Section: Chemical Demulsifier As Emulsion Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 91%

A critical review of development and demulsification mechanisms of crude oil emulsion in the petroleum industry

Raya

Saaid

Ahmed

et al. 2020

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

153

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The need for efficient demulsification process to treat emulsions in the petroleum industry is well acknowledged. For decades, numerous researches have been conducted to examine mechanisms of emulsification and demulsification. Untreated emulsion has both technical and commercial implications in the industry, especially in terms of treatment facilities, refining and transportation. Effective treatment is needed to ensure optimum production of hydrocarbons. The present paper is to review reported works on the formation of petroleum emulsions, demulsification treatments, characteristics of fit-for-purpose demulsifiers as well as research trends in emulsion treatment. Crude oils are naturally combined with natural surfactants having high tendency to form stable emulsion. The stable emulsion must be treated well to meet industrial requirements since crudes with a high volume of stable emulsion have a less value. Therefore, fundamental studies on natural surfactants, which contribute to the emulsion stability, are analyzed for the effective separation of emulsions into oil and water. This would involve the assessment of various reported mechanisms for the emulsification and right formulation for effective demulsification.

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“…Recent investigations have found that hydrophobic surface-active ionic liquids can be used for effective demulsification of W/O emulsions in the oil and gas industries [ 24 , 93 ]. A research conducted by Hazrati et al [ 101 ] indicated that hydrophobic ionic liquids (e.g., C n mim PF 6 ) demulsified emulsions better than hydrophilic ionic liquids (e.g., C n mim Cl) [ 101 ]. To facilitate the dissolution of ionic liquids in oil phase, organic solvents such as xylene and methanol can be used along with hydrophobic and hydrophilic ionic liquids, respectively [ 36 ].…”

Section: Ionic Liquid Demulsificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Ionic Liquids for Chemical Demulsification: A Review

Hassanshahi

2020

Molecules

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In recent years, ionic liquids have received increasing interests as an effective demulsifier due to their characteristics of non-flammability, thermal stability, recyclability, and low vapor pressure. In this study, emulsion formation and types, chemical demulsification system, the application of ionic liquids as a chemical demulsifier, and key factors affecting their performance were comprehensively reviewed. Future challenges and opportunities of ionic liquids application for chemical demulsification were also discussed. The review indicted that the demulsification performance was affected by the type, molecular weight, and concentration of ionic liquids. Moreover, other factors, including the salinity of aqueous phase, temperature, and oil types, could affect the demulsification process. It can be concluded that ionic liquids can be used as a suitable substitute for commercial demulsifiers, but future efforts should be required to develop non-toxic and less expensive ionic liquids with low viscosity, and the demulsification efficiency could be improved through the application of ionic liquids with other methods such as organic solvents.

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Demulsification of water in crude oil emulsion using long chain imidazolium ionic liquids and optimization of parameters

Cited by 96 publications

References 30 publications

Separation Emulsion via Non-Ionic Surfactant: An Optimization

Separation Emulsion via Non-Ionic Surfactant: An Optimization

A critical review of development and demulsification mechanisms of crude oil emulsion in the petroleum industry

Application of Ionic Liquids for Chemical Demulsification: A Review

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