Demonstration of Uncoupled 4-Core Multicore Fiber in Submarine Cable Prototype With Integrated Multicore EDFA

Takeshita, Hitoshi; Nakamura, Kohei; Matsuo, Y.; Inoue, Takanori; Masuda, Daishi; Hiwatashi, Tetsuya; Hosokawa, Kohei; Inada, Yoshihisa; Gabory, Emmanuel Le Taillandier de

doi:10.1109/jlt.2022.3195190

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…MCF have many cores in a single fiber, enabling communication volumes beyond the Shannon limit. In recent years, the fabrication and communication technologies of MCF have been extensively reported by fiber manufacturers and research institutes [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-core fiber switch technology for SDM network

Kuno,

Kawasugi,

Hotta

et al. 2024

Next-Generation Optical Communication: Components, Sub-Systems, and Systems XIII

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Space division multiplexing architecture based on multi-core fiber (MCF) is a promising solution for rapid traffic growth beyond 5G. We proposed and demonstrated a compact, high-performance, and economical 1×8 core selective switch with a 19-core MCF. A tilt-mirror-type 2D-MEMS array was deployed owing to its low optical loss, broad bandwidth, and scalability. The measured insertion loss of the fabricated device was from 0.8 to 4.0 dB. We also demonstrated a core selector and tap monitor for building a high-performance MCF-based ROADM configuration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-core fiber switch technology for SDM network

Kuno,

Kawasugi,

Hotta

et al. 2024

Next-Generation Optical Communication: Components, Sub-Systems, and Systems XIII

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“…ITH the continuous reform and innovation of Internet technology, the capacity of traditional single-mode fibers (SMFs) transmission systems can no longer meet the increasing demand for data volume [1,2]. As a solution to the capacity limitation of current optical communication systems, multi-core fibers (MCFs) have gained significant attention because of their unique core distribution and mode field characteristics [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Modified Near Field Method for Measuring the Refractive Index Profile and Geometrical Parameters of Multi-Core Fibers

Ma,

Huang,

Yan

2024

J. Lightwave Technol.

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A modified near field (MNF) method is proposed for measuring the refractive index profile (RIP) and geometrical parameters of multi-core fibers. The near field method is based on the near field intensity at the end face of optical fibers that are illuminated by a Lambertian source to get the RIP, but the methods proposed before require a leaky-mode correction factor or additional geometrical parameters to correct the measurement results. The MNF method presented in this paper offers a simplified approach, when the power of the source is constant, the distance between the source and the incident end face of optical fibers is given, and the near field intensity distribution is linear to the RIP of the de-coated optical fibers. By using SMF-28e+® as a sample to obtain the linear coefficient, the proposed method is validated by measuring the RIP of SMF-28R with an accuracy reaching 𝟏𝟎 −𝟒 . Finally, the RIP of 4-core fiber and 7-core fiber are measured by the MNF method accurately and effectively. Also, the geometrical parameters of optical fibers can be extracted through edge extraction and ellipse curve fitting for the distribution of near field intensity. Index Terms-geometrical parameters, multi-core fiber, near field method, optical fiber measurements, refractive index profile. I. INTRODUCTIONITH the continuous reform and innovation of Internet technology, the capacity of traditional single-mode fibers (SMFs) transmission systems can no longer meet the increasing demand for data volume [1,2]. As a solution to the capacity limitation of current optical communication systems, multi-core fibers (MCFs) have gained significant attention because of their unique core distribution and mode field characteristics [3,4]. MCFs are widely used not only in optical communication but also in areas such as sensors [5], measurements [6], and biological fields [7]. Accurate measurements of refractive index profile (RIP) and geometrical parameters play crucial roles in evaluating the capacity of MCFs, as they determine insertion losses, propagation modes, and bandwidths [8][9][10]. Therefore, developing a simple and accurate method for measuring the RIP and geometrical parameters of MCFs is essential, and it is significant for the design and optimization of MCFs, as well as for quality monitoring [11][12][13].Methods for measuring parameters of optical fibers mainly

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“…Optical SDM transmission solutions mainly include multiple-fiber ribbons, multi-core fibers (MCFs), and few-mode fibers (FMFs). In the case of some typical scenarios with restricted physical space for cables, like submarine communications, the MCF solution is advantageous compared to the others, thanks to the balanced performance of spatial density and implementation complexity [1][2][3][4]. Thus, a lot of research has been reported in recent years related to the demonstration of high-capacity optical communications using MCFs [5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigating the Strong Inter-Core Crosstalk during MCF Transmissions by Neural-Network-Equalizer-Based MIMO-DSP and Approaches for Its Simplification

Hu,

Cai,

Sun

et al. 2024

Photonics

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In this paper, we report our recent progress related to advanced digital signal processing (DSP) technologies to address the strong inter-core crosstalk (IC-XT) during multicore fiber (MCF) optical transmissions. MCF transmission technology has significant potential to break through the capacity crunch of single-mode fiber (SMF) transmissions. However, strong coupling among cores, namely, inter-core crosstalk (IC-XT), is unavoidable for high-density space-division multiplexing (SDM) transmissions using MCFs with the standard cladding size. To deal with this issue, we propose some novel DSP structures to eliminate IC-XT with considerable simplicity, based on the neural network equalizer (NNE)-based multiple-input and multiple-output digital signal processing (MIMO-DSP). The traditional NNE-based MIMO-DSP method has the ability to process the coupled SDM tributaries transmitted over MCFs; however, it exhibits complexity limitations for practical implementations. The implementation complexity of the NNE-based method is mainly attributed to the time-consumption of the training process and the large weight (neurons) numbers of the equalizers. Thus, we propose two main approaches to simplify NNE-based MIMO-DSP for the practical implementation of MCF transmissions: (1) To reduce the time-consumption of the training process in NNE-based MIMO-DSP, the idea of transfer learning (TL) is employed for initializing the weights, resulting in the faster convergence of the equalizers. (2) IC-XT cancellation is performed along with MIMO-DSP; thus, the dimensionality of MIMO-DSP could be reduced. To validate the performance improvement of the proposed machine learning DSP methods, both simulations and experiments related to transmissions and reception over MCFs were conducted. The results indicate that the proposed novel DSP structures possess the advantages of reduced complexity and improved robustness to IC-XT, which is beneficial for the next-generation high-density SDM transmissions.

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Demonstration of Uncoupled 4-Core Multicore Fiber in Submarine Cable Prototype With Integrated Multicore EDFA

Cited by 20 publications

References 22 publications

Multi-core fiber switch technology for SDM network

Multi-core fiber switch technology for SDM network

A Modified Near Field Method for Measuring the Refractive Index Profile and Geometrical Parameters of Multi-Core Fibers

Mitigating the Strong Inter-Core Crosstalk during MCF Transmissions by Neural-Network-Equalizer-Based MIMO-DSP and Approaches for Its Simplification

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